File:Tiger's eye quartz 4 (23829732706).jpg
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionTiger's eye quartz 4 (23829732706).jpg |
Tiger's eye quartz (polished) A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals. All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry. "Silica" refers to SiO2 chemistry. The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4. Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens "belong" to each silicon. The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4. The simplest & most abundant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust is quartz (SiO2). All other silicates have silica + impurities. Many silicates have a significant percentage of aluminum (the aluminosilicates). Quartz (silicon dioxide/silica - SiO2) is the most common mineral in the Earth's crust. It is composed of the two most abundant elements in the crust - oxygen and silicon. It has a glassy, nonmetallic luster, is commonly clearish to whitish to grayish in color, has a white streak, is quite hard (H≡7), forms hexagonal crystals, has no cleavage, and has conchoidal fracture. Quartz can be any color: clear, white, gray, black, brown, pink, red, purple, blue, green, orange, etc. The specimen shown above is tiger's eye, a distinctive and attractive, semi-precious variety of quartz consisting of closely-packed, straight to slightly wavy fibers of quartz. The yellowish coloration is apparently due to limonite (= hydrous iron hydroxy-oxide). Tiger's eye quartz has chatoyancy - tilting the specimen in bright light results in an optical effect of moving colors and varying light intensity. Tiger's eye quartz is traditionally hypothesized to have formed by quartz and limonite replacement of asbestiform amphibole. Another hypothesis, proposed in the 2000s, suggests that the quartz fibers grew perpendicular to the walls of a slowly-dilating fracture. Photo gallery of tiger's eye quartz: <a href="http://www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=3960" rel="nofollow">www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=3960</a> |
Date | |
Source | Tiger's eye quartz 4 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/23829732706 (archive). It was reviewed on 30 November 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
30 November 2019
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current | 16:50, 30 November 2019 | ![]() | 2,074 × 1,445 (1.65 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/10 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 19:03, 8 December 2015 |
Lens focal length | 9.681 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 18:51, 19 December 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 19:03, 8 December 2015 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 6.65625 |
APEX exposure bias | −1 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.625 APEX (f/3.51) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, compulsory flash firing, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 11:51, 19 December 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 07F05DAE97589C850419C72810D1AD94 |