File:The voyages of the Norsemen to America (1914) (14579373670).jpg

Identifier: voyagesofnorseme1914hovg (find matches)
Title: The voyages of the Norsemen to America
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Hovgaard, William, b. 1857
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Publisher: New York : American-Scandinavian Foundation
Contributing Library: Northeastern University, Snell Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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the two main accounts has arisen the confusion thathas caused so much difficulty to students of this problem. A comparison between the old Norse game knattleikr andthe Canadian game lacrosse is reserved for the Appendix,because the result of this discussion has no bearing on thedetails of the geographical and historical analysis of thevoyages. The generic term Norsemen is here used to mean eitherGreenlanders, Icelanders, or Norwegians, wherever it is notdesired to specify the nationality of these peoples. The term Vinland is used in preference to the more commonterm Wineland, because the latter implies a precisemeaning of the word Vin, and a feature of the land whichit is not desirable to assume at the start. INTRODUCTION xxi The following abbreviations will frequently be found:Gp: Grselendinga pdttr (Tale of the Greenlanders) ; ER:Eireks Saga Rauda (Saga of Eric the Red); FB: FlateyBook; GHM: Gfonlands Historiske Mindesmserker; MG :Meddelelser om Gronland; AM: Amamagnaean Collection.
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CHAPTER I ICELAND AND THE EARLY HISTORY AND LIFEOF THE ICELANDERS ICELAND extends from about lat. 63° to the ArcticCircle and is a roundish island about one-fourth greaterthan Ireland. Its interior consists mainly of a high plateauof barren volcanic masses, such as tufa, trap, and basalt,covered by large glaciers. Volcanoes and hot springs arenumerous on the island, and earthquakes and ash-falls arenot uncommon. From the large glaciers and lakes flow greatrivers in all directions. In the southwestern part of the coun-try is found an extensive lowland between Reykjanessand Eyjafjallajokul, and on the west coast is found an-other less extensive lowland at Borgarfiord. The contourof Iceland, save in the south, is diversified by deep fiords,often separated by bold headlands and continued inland inlong valleys.^The south and west coasts are under the influ-ence of the Gulf Stream, and have, therefore, a mild insularclimate and ice-free harbors. The east and north coasts,which are exposed

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