File:The student's manual of ancient geography, based upon the Dictionary of Greek and Roman geography (1861) (14765960781).jpg

Identifier: studentsmanualof00smit (find matches)
Title: The student's manual of ancient geography, based upon the Dictionary of Greek and Roman geography
Year: 1861 (1860s)
Authors: Smith, William, 1813-1893, ed
Subjects: Geography, Ancient
Publisher: London, J. Murray
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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spherical, concentric with the outersphere of the heaven, but immovable. He recognizes five zoDes,of which the northern was uninhabitable from extreme cold, andthe southern from extreme heat: he divides the earth into twohemispheres at the equator ; and the habitable world also into twoinstead of three portions. The map of the world, as Strabo de-scribes it, is defective in many respects : the Bay of Biscay isaltogether omitted, and the coast slopes off regularly from Spaintowards the N.E., bringing Britain close to the latter country ; theCaspian Sea is connected with the Xorthern Ocean by a channel;the Ganges flows eastward to China; the peninsula of Hindostan isabsent; and the coast strikes northward from the eastern extremityof India, to the omission of the Malay peninsula : the southernelongation of the continent of Afiica is still unknown. PosidoniuSj Geminus, Marhius. — Posidonius of Apamea in Sjuia^B.C. 135-51), divided the world into seven zones: he combated theANC. GEOG. D
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CiJAP. IV. DISCOVERIES OF THE EOMAXS. 51 view of Polybius, that th.e heat was greatest at the equator, on theground that the level of the land was low in that part ; and he com-pared t?ie shape of the habitable world to a sling, as being broad in thecentre and gradually contracting towards either extremity. Gemmiis the Ehodian about 7j B.C. . a mathematical geogi^apher, ischiefly known for his recognition of the antipodes, in whose existencehe believed, although he knew nothing of them; he contrasts themvdth the o.ntreci, by whom he means the occupants of the same zone butin the southern hemisphere, and the synced and jpericeci in the samezone and the same hemisphere, the former contiguous to, the latterdistant from any given people. Mai^inus of Tyre a.d. 15J , the true j)redecessor of Ptolemy, has themerit of having rectified in a gi^eat measm-e the errors, which appearedon the maps of Eratosthenes and others, by the multiplication ofi:)arallels of latitude and longitude. He had a mu

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