File:The phase rule and its applications (1911) (14595977758).jpg

Identifier: phaseruleitsappl00find (find matches)
Title: The phase rule and its applications
Year: 1911 (1910s)
Authors: Findlay, Alexander, 1874-
Subjects: Phase rule and equilibrium Solution (Chemistry) Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
Publisher: London, New York, Longmans, Green
Contributing Library: Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston University

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tinuation of thiscurve, therefore, above 151° forms the stable fusion curve ofrhombic sulphur (curve CD). These curves have been investigated at high pressures byTammann, and the results are represented according to scalein Fig. 6,1 a being the curve for monoclinic sulphur and liquid;£, that for rhombic sulphur and liquid; and <r, that for rhombicand monoclinic sulphur. Bivariant Systems.—Just as in the case of the diagram ofstates of water, the areas in Fig. 5 represent the conditions forthe stable existence of the single phases: rhombic sulphur inthe area to the left of AOCD ; monoclinic sulphur in the areaOBC; liquid sulphur in the area EBCD; sulphur vapourbelow the curves AOBE. As can be seen from the diagram, 1 Annalen der Physik, 1S99 (3), 68. 663. 4o THE PHASE RULE the existence of monoclinic sulphur is limited on all sides, itsarea being bounded by the curves OB, OC, BC. At any pointoutside this area, monoclinic sulphur can exist only in a meta-stable condition. ISO 160
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1000 Fig. 6. Other crystalline forms of sulphur have been obtained,1 sothat the existence of other systems of the one-componentsulphur besides those already described is possible. Referencewill be made to these later (p. 51). 1 Brauns, Jahrbuchfiir Mineralogie, 1899-1901, 13. Beilage, p. 39. TYPICAL SYSTEMS OF ONE COMPONENT 41 C. Tin. Another substance capable of existing in more than onecrystalline form, is the metal tin, and although the generalbehaviour, so far as studied, is analogous to that of sulphur,a short account of the two varieties of tin may be givenhere, not only on account of their metallurgical interest,but also on account of the importance which the phenomenapossess for the employment of this metal in everyday life. After a winter of extreme severity in Russia (1867-T868),the somewhat unpleasant discovery was made that a numberof blocks of tin, which had been stored in the Customs Houseat St. Petersburg, had undergone disintegration and crumbledto a grey powder.1 That

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