File:The five orders of architecture (1889) (14578953397).jpg

Identifier: fiveordersofarch00vign (find matches)
Title: The five orders of architecture
Year: 1889 (1880s)
Authors: Vignola, 1507-1573 Juglaris, Tommaso Locke, Warren S
Subjects: Architecture
Publisher: (Boston, Press of Berwick & Smith)
Contributing Library: Getty Research Institute
Digitizing Sponsor: Getty Research Institute

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hich will afterward be specified and described. An Order is composed of three parts : a Pedestal, a Col-umn, and an Entablature ; but the first is not essential. Each of these is also divided into three parts, which are,for the Pedestal : Base, Plinth, and Cap ; for the Column :Base, Shaft, and Capital ; for the Entablature : Architrave^Frieze, and CornicCo 6 PLATE I. For use in measuring and designing in the Orders, archi-tects have adopted a conventional measure, called a Modu-lus. This modulus becomes the unit of measurement, andis generally so selected that it is easily subdivided, and isalso one-half the largest diameter of the column. That isto say, a modulus is a variable measure, chosen as thearchitects taste and talent dictates. Generally, the modulus taken is the radius of the largestpart of the column. This modulus is divided into parts, and each part equallysubdivided. Vignola divided his modulus, for the Tuscan and Doricorders, into 12 parts, and the others into 18 parts.
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PLATE II. THE MOULDINGS. Mouldings are tlie alphabet of Architecture, and theirdifferent combinations produce different profiles for eacliorder. These mouldings are of three kinds, — plain, round, andmixed. No one can depart from these beautiful geometri-cal outlines of construction without falling into error. Itwill be noticed that the mouldings seldom project as muchas their height, yet the position from which they are to beseen must be taken into consideration. In this latter con-nection it would be well to remember that the prominentparts of a building should be most ornamented. There are eight kinds of mouldings, which are : A. Thefillet of rectangular section (the term is independent ofsize). B. The bead, which has a semicircular face. C. TheQuarter-round, a quarter-circle. D. The Concave, a quarter-circle. E. The Ogee. F. The reversed Ogee. G. The Scotia,or Mouth. H. The Toro, or Bull, which has a semicircularface. The following are good rules for drawing the outlines ofthe m

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