File:The exterior of the horse (1892) (14779929281).jpg

Identifier: exteriorofhor00goub (find matches)
Title: The exterior of the horse
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Goubaux, Armand, 1820-1890 Barrier, Gustave Harger, Simon J. J
Subjects: Veterinary medicine Horses CHR 1892 PRO McCarthy, Philip J. (stamp) (PSPA copy) PRO McNeil, John H. (autograph) (Fairman Rogers copy 1) PRO McNeil, John H., Mrs. (donor) (Fairman Rogers copy 1) PRO Lee, Donald A. (autograph) (donor) (Fairman Rogers copy 2)
Publisher: Philadelphia : J.B. Lippincott Company
Contributing Library: University of Pennsylvania Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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ned to recognize and determine scientifically. Hence we will commence the study of the age of the horse by aminute description of the dental apparatus, in order to place thereader in a situation to understand fully the characteristics upon whichit is based. PART I. THE TEETH. Definition ; Number ; Distribution.— The teeth are mechan-ical instruments, harder than bone, placed, in vertebrate animals, at theentrance of the alimentary canal, to seize, cut, tear, and bruise the nu-tritive substances before their transmission from the mouth into theoesophagus. They can also serve the animal as weapons of defenceand oifence. ^ In the adult animal of the equine species the teeth number fromthirty-six to forty,^ and are designated by names which recall their use(Fig. 270) ; ^^ 1 G. Cuvier. Leçons danatomie comparée, t. Iv., Ire partie, p. 197. 2 This number should be considered as absolute, but we will call attention to some variationswhich it presents, according to the individual. ♦ 695
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596 THE EXTERIOR OF THE HORSE. The most anterior are called incisors^ P, M, C, destined to seize,tear, and cut the aliment. Then come tlie tasks, canine teeth, or fangs, Or, whose rôle is to tear. Finally, those which occupy the posterior part of the mouth arethe molars, MC, MP, which serve to crush, in the manner of a mill-stone. Concerning their disposition in the jaws, the teeth form a paraboliccurve designated under the name dental arcade. The dental arcades,two in number and distinguished as superior and inferior, are composedof three parts : one anterior and two lateral. The incisors, six in number in each jaw, occupy the anterior part,and describe, as a whole, a transverse semicircle convex in front. The molars, situated behind and upon the lateral parts, are twelvein number in each jaw : six on the right side and six on the leftside. But immediately behind the incisive arcade, between it and themolars, exists on each jaw an asymmetrical interval called the inter-dental space,

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