File:The elastic properties of concrete under bi-axial loading (1912) (14779255674).jpg

Identifier: elasticpropertie00mill (find matches)
Title: The elastic properties of concrete under bi-axial loading
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Millard, Floyd Hays
Subjects: Concrete Theses
Publisher:
Contributing Library: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

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concrete approaches these require-ments and behaves more or less as a homogeneous material v.-hen con-sidered as a whole. But when such a short gaiige-line as 6-in.is used and averages are not talcen, it is easy to see that thepresence or absence of one or two pieces of the coarse aggregatein this region Trould affect the stress-deformation curve. ^Jhena 10-in. gau$e-line is used and an average of several deforma-tions is produced mechanically, the effect of a fev7 pieces ofaggregate is not so marlced. A noticeable feature is that the average of these individualcurves drawn for gaijge-lines distributed around the surface ofthe specimen gives a smooth curve in every case, both at theregion under two compressions and on the arms of the specimenwhere simple compression exists. An average curve is made fromat least four single stress-deformation curves, and often fromas many as eight or twelve, by averaging the individual deforma-tions on the gauge-lines distributed around a specimen at a
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95 certain unit stress, and olottinc these averace deformations.Tables of the values used in -plotting these avera^e curvesappear in the data in the back of the book. This discussion accounts in a measure for the appearance ofsome of the dia^rams which mi£,ht be considered as unsatisfactory.The interpretation of the- data and all conclusions arc basedon average curves. Three compression specimens -ere tested v/ith load on onlyone of the arms to determine the effect of the enlarged sectionat the cross on the unit deformation and on the apparent initialmodulus of elasticity. The results are shovm in the averagecurves of these specimens, 2071, 2072, 207c, ?ig. 27, 2S and 2G,pases 96, 97 and 98. The curves of average deformation on thearm ^nd on the cross are similar in form but the deformation onthe cross is less than on the arm at any definite load. Consider the curves shoi-Ting the distribution of verticaldeformation across the horizontal arms of the specimens, Pig.22, 23, 25 and 25.

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