File:The earth and its inhabitants (1881) (14784322785).jpg

Identifier: earthitsinhabita481recl (find matches)
Title: The earth and its inhabitants ..
Year: 1881 (1880s)
Authors: Reclus, Elisée, 1830-1905 Ravenstein, Ernest George, 1834-1913 Keane, A. H. (Augustus Henry), 1833-1912
Subjects: Geography
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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in course of time superseded by the powersof the Church. Early in the seventh century York became the seat of a bishop,and subsequently of an archbishop, who disputed with his rival of Canterbury theprimacy of all England. York and London are the only cities in England whosechief magistrate bears the title of Lord Mayor. A few Roman foundations may still be traced at York, but all Roman buildingshave disappeared, and the many curious edifices of the city belong to the MiddleAges. A tower, built by William the Conqueror upon Roman foundations, riseswithin the castle precincts, by the side of the modern County Court and gaol.Ancient walls, nearly 8 miles in circuit, still surround the citv, and afford 248 THE BRITISH ISLES. pleasant walks. The minster, wliicli rises on the highest ground within them, isnot the structure of u single age, but nevertheless exhibits a remarkable unity ofdesign. Its west front fully deserves its reputation, but the two towers which Fis. 121.—York Minster.
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flank it, as is the case with most of the old English cathedrals, are not sufficientlylofty in proportion to the size of the nave. York, as compared with the moremodern towns in the manufacturing district, rejoices in the possession of greaterwealth bequeathed by the past. Its museums are more interesting, its scientific YOEKSHIRE. 249 and literary life more active, and its individual character more strongly marked.York, indeed, by its general physiognomy, is the most English town of all England.Flaxman, the sculptor, was born here. The battle of Stamford Bridge (1066),between Harold of England and Harald Hardrada of Norway, was fought to theeast of York, on the Dern-ent; that of Marston Moor (1644) about 7 miles to thewest. Tadcaster, the Roman Calcaria, lies 8 miles to the south-west of York, and nearit is the field of the battle of Towton, fought in 1461 between King Edward, ofYork, and the Lancastrians, in which the latter were defeated, with a loss of 40,000men. The fight was thi

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