File:The dictionary of arts, sciences and manufactures embracing in all nearly three thousand articles on arts and sciences (1859) (14767565315).jpg

Identifier: dictionaryofarts02smit (find matches)
Title: The dictionary of arts, sciences and manufactures ... embracing in all nearly three thousand articles on arts and sciences
Year: 1859 (1850s)
Authors: Smith, James, author of the Panorama of science and art
Subjects: Technology Industrial arts
Publisher: Boston, Phillips, Sampson, and Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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Thus mounted, the needleturns with extreme facility. The card used by mariners, is divided, at the outer edge, into360 equal parts or degrees, and within the circle of these divi-sions, it is again divided into the 32 equal parts or arcs above-mentioned, which are called the points of the compass, orrhumbs, and each of which is often subdivided into quarters.The middle part of the compass is generally painted with akind of star, the rays of which terminate in the points of thecompass, or names of the winds. It may be interesting tomany, to explain the principle upon which the points of thecompass are named; as a knowledge of it will give more preciseideas of the direction meant when any of the names are men-tioned. The four cardinal points of the compass, i. e. North,South, East, and West, form the terminations of two diametersstanding at right angles: the four points ascertained by dividingthe several quadrants, into two equal portions each, give com- , v.\- < i i r vti olv- : i.\
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/■;,,.,,,,,,,< /.,,,/, MAGNETISM. 183 Division of the compass card. pound points, which are named after the two adjunct cardinalsrespectively ; observing that North and South have precedencein each designation. Thus the middle point between Northand East is called North East, that between North and Westis called Nprth West, and that between South and East iscalled South East, and that between South and West iscalled South West. By this means, eight equidistant pointsare obtained. In the next place, each segment between theseveral cardinals and their compounds, is subdivided into foureq^ial portions; so that the whole circle is partitioned into thirtytwo parts ; that is, eight between each of the adjunct cardinals : the two points adjunct to North are North by East,and North by West; those adjunct to South are Southby East, and South by West; those adjunct to East are East by North, and East by South ; while the adjunctsto West are West by North, and West by South. Thetwo adjuncts

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