File:The dictionary of arts, sciences and manufactures embracing in all nearly three thousand articles on arts and sciences (1859) (14581141717).jpg

Identifier: dictionaryofarts02smit (find matches)
Title: The dictionary of arts, sciences and manufactures ... embracing in all nearly three thousand articles on arts and sciences
Year: 1859 (1850s)
Authors: Smith, James, author of the Panorama of science and art
Subjects: Technology Industrial arts
Publisher: Boston, Phillips, Sampson, and Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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own upon lighted char-coal or any other body. By means of the graduated rod h, thequantity thrown out is exactly ascertained ; this rod being so di-vided as to express the contents of the inner vessel in cubic feet. This instrument also answers for breathing any of the gases, byapplying an ivory mouth-piece to the cock, and closing the nos-trils. To render it more portable, the weights gg, are sometimesincluded in the uprights i i which are made hollow, and of a sizesufficient for that purpose. Sometimes also there is anotherbranch from the bottom of the pipe, in the middle, directed tothe side of the outer cylinder and coming upwards by the sideto the top, where there is another cock attached. When it is required to transfer the gas from the gazometerinto ajar, the crooked tube W, fig. 16, pi. I. may be adaptedto the cock D, and the jar, previously filled with water, shouldbe held under that fluid, to receive it in the same manner asif it were received from a retort. (J) K.M I ::TK i
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CHEMISTRY. 311 Apparatus. WouIJes Apparatus. For those distillations which evolved so large a quantity ofsubtile, elastic, and often incondensible vapours, that no singlereceiver would contain them all, it was usual for the earlychemists to have the upper parts of the retorts drilled, and asmall stopper applied to the hole, which was opened, occa-sionally for the escape of the vapours that could not beretained without endangering- the retort: but b) this precau-tion, the certainty of avoiding an explosion was not secured,because the exact time of the rapid disengagement of vapourcould not be known, while a great loss, often of the mostvaluable part of the products, was unavoidably sustained. Toprevent this loss and risk, an apparatus, invented by Glauber,but improved by Woulfe, whose name it receives, is employed ;in this contrivance, a series of bottles or jars, communicatingwith the receiver, and with each other in succession, receivethe volatile products ; and each jar contains a q

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