File:The butterflies of the British Isles (1906) (20511237435).jpg

Title: The butterflies of the British Isles
Identifier: butterfliesofbri00sout (find matches)
Year: 1906 (1900s)
Authors: South, Richard
Subjects: Butterflies
Publisher: London : F. Warne
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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THE BUTTERFLY. II third, which are closely united, each bear a pair of wings also. The legs, which in the butterfly are adapted for walking at a leisurely pace, are made up of four main parts ; these are (a) the basal joint (coxa, coxce), (b) the thigh (femur, femora), (c) the shank (tibia, tibics), and (d) the foot (tarsus, tarsi). The small joint uniting the coxa with the femur is the trochanter (/r.). The foot usually has five joints, the last of which is provided with claws (e). The abdomen really consists of ten rings or segments accord- ing to some specialists. Examined from above, the female butterfly appears to have only seven rings and the male butterfly eight. This discrepancy arises from the fact that in the former sex two rings and in the latter one ring are withdrawn into the body, and so are tucked away out of sight. The organs of reproduction are placed in the ter- minal ring. The breathing arrange- ments are pretty much as in the cater- pillar, but the external openings are not so apparent owing to the dense clothing of the body. The beauty of a butterfly's wings is intimately connected with the form and colour of the scales with which they are covered, as with a kind of mosaic ; but be- fore the scales and their method of attachment, etc., are referred to, something should be said about the wings themselves. The various shapes of these organs of flight will be seen on turning to the plates, where will be found accurate portraits of every species that will be dealt with in the descriptive section later on. A butterfly's wing consists of an upper and a lower mem- brane, with a framework of hollow tubes, acting as ribs, between the two layers. Fig. 9, A, shows a fore and a hind wing of the
Text Appearing After Image:
e Fig. 8. Leg of Butterfly.

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