File:The book of the garden (1853) (20210438340).jpg

Title: The book of the garden
Identifier: bookofgarden21853mcin (find matches)
Year: 1853 (1850s)
Authors: McIntosh, Charles, 1794-1864
Subjects: Gardening
Publisher: Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Text Appearing Before Image:
A 384 HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. across the frame, upon which are laid two cross- beams. A clasp or collar / lying hard on these two cross-beams is thus put round the trunk of the tree, which being made tight by screws, as shown in figure, serves to steady the tree and bear a portion of the weight when the lift is taken. The means of raising the mass are a car- riage, which also serves the purpose of transplant- ation. It consists of two long beams g, which have an open space for wheels to run in, as shown in figure; the length of the axle is the same as the thickness of the beam, and is set in a plumber box, with a cast-metal seat h, that is bolted to the long beams which rest on it, and Fig. 145.
Text Appearing After Image:
m'glashan's transplanting machine, ground plan. of course adds to the strength of them. The two long beams are bound together fore and aft by bars i, and cross-lifting beams, which are firmly bolted to them. There is a third wheel in front, which carries a portion of the weight, and, having a handle on the top, acts as a helm does to a ship, so that the carriage can be turn- ed very quickly round a sharp corner, and easily governed through amongst trees. There are two bolsters j, raised up on the long beams at each end of the carriage, across which are laid two beams h (already alluded to in de- scribing the binding of the long beams), for the screws to work upon; these serve to give height enough for the ball being raised to clear the ground. Horses can work at any end of the carriage by simply affixing the shafts to either of these extremities. The beauty of the con- struction of this carriage is, that it is as appli- cable for removing large shrubs as it is for forest trees. The end bar i and cross-lifting beam Tc are taken off, and the carriage is moved back, en- closing the tree until it is exactly over the lift ; the end bar and cross-lifting beams, which were taken off, are replaced and screwed on. The process of raising the mass is accomplished by screw power; the screws are two or four in number, as the case may require, and so ar- ranged as to make the lift equal. They are made fast to the beams of the frame, and are worked by men. When the screws are put in motion, the frame and enclosed mass rise erectly upwards. In ordinary circumstances, a tree with a ball of 10 feet, in about 20 minutes' working of the screws, should be completely raised from the pit. The propelling power, when the ground is soft, and horses cannot be used, or when it may be inconvenient to use them, is by a winch attached to the front of the carriage, and block and tackle made fast to some neighbouring tree, piles driven into the ground, or any other hold most convenient; but when the way is clear, and the road good, horses will do the work more expeditiously. It will be found necessary, when the ground is soft, to lay planks to prevent the wheels sinking, until they get on hard ground. The pit being already dug, the mass is moved directly over it, and the tree and ball are lowered into it on the same principle as it was raised; the earth is then filled in all round about, and the apparatus removed, and the operation is completed. The reader at first sight may be apt to think that the cutters which were put round the ball would sever the large roots; but if the operator has any desire to

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