File:The birds of America - from drawings made in the United States and their territories (1840) (14568793287).jpg

Identifier: birdsofamericafr04audu (find matches)
Title: The birds of America : from drawings made in the United States and their territories
Year: 1840 (1840s)
Authors: Audubon, John James, 1785-1851 Bowen, John T., ca. 1801-1856?, lithographer
Subjects: Birds Birds
Publisher: New York : Published by J.J. Audubon Philadelphia : J.B. Chevalier
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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t of the tempest. The wood, whichis of excellent quality, being hard and durable, is applied to numerous uses.Its distribution is very extensive in the United States, it being found inthe forests from Louisiana to Massachusetts, and in the western countriesbeyond the Mississippi. Genus IV.—NUCIFRAGA, Briss. NUTCRACKER. Bill as long as the head, moderately stout, conical, compressed, at the tiprather depressed; upper mandible with its dorsal line slightly arcuato-decli-nate, the ridge convex, the sides rounded, the edges sharp and overlapping,without notch, the tip flattened and obtuse; lower mandible with the angleshort and rounded, the dorsal line straight, the sides convex, the edgessharpened a little involute, the tip flattened and rather obtuse. Nostrilsbasal, lateral, roundish, covered by bristly feathers, which are directed for-wards. Head large, broadly ovate, neck rather short; body moderatelystout. Tarsus rather short, compressed, with eight scutella; toes stout, the N°47.
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PI 235. Male. - female : rcUur» /vJJJuJulvi, - K&SJEZJ. L.ihJ,MrdA■ Cil■/:• ■/ T.B<wm Plui CLARKES NUTCRACKER. 127 first very large, the inner a little shorter than the outer, which is adherentat the base. Claws large, arched, much compressed, acute. Plumage softand blended; no distinct bristles at the base of the upper mandible, wingslong, much rounded, the first quill very short, the fourth longest; tail ofmoderate length, rounded. CLARKES NUTCRACKER. •f NuCIFRAGA COLUMBIANA, Wlls. PLATE CCXXXV.—Male and Female. No sooner had I examined perfect specimens of this somewhat singularlycoloured bird, than I felt assured, more especially from the form of its bill,that it is with us a representative of the Nutcracker of Europe; and I wasmuch surprised, on comparing it with the figure given of it by AlexanderWilson, to find the latter very defective, the bill being nearly half an inchshorter than in four specimens which I have inspected. All that is knownof its habits is

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