File:The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London (13860125234).jpg

T. F. JAMIES0N ON THE KED CLAY
ever, occasionally from S. 50° to 80° W., while the rubbed surface
of the granite shows plainly that the ice has come from the west-
ward and not from the east. Where the grey stuff is absent and
the red clay lies next the rock the direction of the grooves is about
S. 10° W. or 60° further south than the older set, and the action on
the surface of the rock seems to show that the moving agent had
come from the south and not from the north.
The accompanying section (fig. 2) will give some idea of the
arrangement of the Boulder- clays.
Fig. 2. — Section at Cove Quarry.
a. Eed Boulder-clay, 4-6 feet thick.
b. Grey Boulder-clay, 1-3 feet thick .
c. Granite.
This interesting locality proves that there has been a change in
the direction of the ice-flow

the older stream has come from the
interior of the country to the W.S.W., parallel to the strike of the
valley of the Dee, bringing with it the grey debris of gneiss and
granite

whereas the later stream has come nearly from the south,
or parallel to the line of coast. This change has brought with it the
red material from the sandstone district of Kincardineshire

and in
following the coast north from Stonehaven I observed that the red
Boulder-clay of that locality extended past the boundary of the Old
Eed Sandstone on to the gneiss rocks which range along the coast
northward to Aberdeen

and I have traced this red Boulder-clay,
full of Old Eed Sandstone debris along the coast of Kincardineshire
to within a mile of the town of Aberdeen.
More recently I have found evidence to show that this movement
of the ice extended not only to Aberdeen, but continued along
the coast on to the Buchan Ness, a rocky headland beside Peterhead,
forming the most easterly point of the Scottish coast.
There are several granite -quarries in that neighbourhood

but the
rock has generally little cover

and it is only where the surface of
the granite has been protected by a covering of clay that the glacia-
tion is likely to be preserved. The best instances I discovered were
at a quarry on the top of a high rocky cliff called Mordow Head or
Murdoch Head. Here there are from three to five feet of unstratified
reddish pebbly clay covering the rock. This clay is quite full of the
quartz pebbles from the Old Eed Conglomerate and pieces of volcanic
rocks. Where it has been recently removed, the surface of the granite
beneath shows clear marks of glaciation. The striae point S. 20° to
30° W., which is about parallel to the general trend of the coast-
line to the south of this point

and, so far as I could judge, the action
had come from the S.W. and not from the