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68
PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. .NoV. 18,
black flints and Hippurites ; these particularly abound near Choleis,
north of which spot I have had no opportunity of examining.
The section No. 2 shows the unconformable position of the older
and secondary rocks near Aliveri, and the elevation of the latter into
a great mountain chain, which runs through the island to the north-
ward, and attains a height of nearly 8000 feet.
The locality with lacustrine deposits, which I shall first describe,
is a district in the neighbourhood of Koumi, on the east shore of
Euboea, immediately opposite the Gulf of Smyrna. At this spot a
similar formation has been described in a former paper read to the
Society, where it is suggested that some of the sea cliffs were portions
of the bottom of a freshwater lake, identical with the eocene basins
in Europe*^
At Koumi also there is a continuous line of cliffs washed by the
sea, about five miles in length, composed of deposits identical with
those in the Gulf of Smyrna, both in mineral character and fossils.
Koumi is one of the most fertile districts in Eubcea. Its fertilitj'"
is due entirely to the presence of this formation ; and like the loca-
lities of contemporary origin on the Asiatic shore, it is favourable
for the growth of the vine, and in repute either for the quality of its
wmes or raisms.
s.w.
Section 3. Across the Valley of Kastkovalla and Koumi.
N.E.
3 Lacustrine beds.
2 Secondary limestone.
1 Schists.
S Serpentine.
At ttie point marked A is a band of lignite. At a is a fossiliferous bed, containing the remains of
fishes, plants and freshwater shells.
Section No. 3 is on a line crossing the district of Koumi nearly
N.E. and S.W., and intersecting two valleys ; that of Koumi and
Kastrovalla, which are filled by lacustrine deposits. The deposits
in these two basins lie nearly horizontally, between rocks of secondary
origin. On the west side of the valley of Kastrovalla, the formation
abuts against the flanks of a high mountain between 5000 and 6000
feet above the sea, composed of a mass of grey compact limestone,
dipping to the east at about 25°. I found fragments of Hippurites
in this limestone near the village of Konistra.
The two valleys are separated by a narrow ridge composed of
semi- crystalline limestone and dark friable schists and shales, which
are uplifted nearly in a vertical position by the protrusion of serpen-
tine, which appears in several places on the west side of the ridge.
These schists and limestones, I have no doubt, are a portion of a

• Quart. Geol. Journ., vol. i. part 1, p. 156.