File:The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world (1908) (14779896751).jpg

Identifier: americanaunivers14newy (find matches)
Title: The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world
Year: 1908 (1900s)
Authors:
Subjects: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
Publisher: New York : Scientific American Compiling Dept.
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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closed and lice versa, has provenvery popular. The seats may be cross or lon-gitudinal, or a combination of both. The longi- used on all systems, the current-carrying devicevarying with each system. Thus with the over-head system a trolley pole and wheel are used,with the third rail system a sliding shoe, with theunderground conduit system a plow with twosliding shoes, etc. For heavy railroad work where it is desirableto run trains of two or more motor cars, a sys-tem called the Multiple Unit System has beendevised. Each motor car is supplied with itsown controlling mechanism, and the varioussets of controlling mechanisms are operatedin unison from a master controller on the plat-form of any motor car. Thus, one motormanmay operate any number of motor cars coupledtogether and the train may be readily split upinto several trains, each section with its ownmotive power and controlling devices. For car lighting one or more circuits of 100or no volt incandescent lamps, five in series, are
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6w8 5Mr*twNJt Swo3tati0)J Ner. SvsSrATKA ^/o 3 Fig. 7.— Diagram sliowing three-phase distribution witli sub-stations for electric railways. tudinal seated car has the greater carrying capa-city but the cross-seat is the more attractive topassengers. (Figures 8, 9 and 10 show varioustypes of American cars.) The electrical equipment consists of themotors, the controllers, and the wiring and reg-ulating devices connected with the power cir-cuit, one or more car-lighting circuits, and aheating circuit. On single truck cars it is cus-tomary to install two motors, and on doubletruck cars either two or four motors. Thesemotors vary in capacity from 25 horse-powereach on small cars to 125 horse-power eachon heavy suburban cars. They are serieswound and are regulated in speed by interposingiron resistances m the main circuit and liy work-ing the motors either in series or multiple.There are two controllers for governing thespeed, one on each platform. A safety deviceeither in the form of a f

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