File:The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine (1906) (14757309595).jpg

Identifier: americanjournroen09ameruoft (find matches)
Title: The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine
Year: 1906 (1900s)
Authors: American Radium Society American Roentgen Ray Society
Subjects: Radiotherapy X-rays
Publisher: Springfield, Ill. C.C. Thomas
Contributing Library: Gerstein - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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ave led himto the conclusion that the rectosigmoidapparatus is a definite mechanism, whichretards the fecal current and preventscontinuous progress of the intestinal con-tents into the rectum. Hurst, who ex- The Rectosigmoid Apparatus 45 amined a large number ofj young adults,comes to the same conclusion; he furtherstates that normally the rectum does notcontain fecal matter, except during theact of defecation. At other times the fecalcolumn is prevented from entering therectum by the tonicity of the rectosigmoidapparatus. The studies of Hurst,3 Holzknecht,6Barclay,7 Case/ and others disclose that Hurst has demonstrated that aboutthirty-three hours time is required for ameal to be entirely evacuated from thegastrointestinal tract. Food taken ninehours before the act of defecation shouldreach the splenic flexure and part of itappear in the feces. These figures repre-sent the time required for the averagehealthy individual at active muscular work.Modifications must of course be made for
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Fig. 5. Hirschsprungs disease in a child aged ten. Notsmall rectum and huge over-hanging pelvic colon. the colon is emptied by a series of massmovements. When the fecal column whichhas been held up at the rectopelvic junctureenters the rectum the desire to defecateis provoked. As Hurst9 has shown, thisdesire is not due to stimulation of sensorynerves, inasmuch as they are absent inthe rectum except in the mucosa of theanal canal. The reflex is established bymeans of the muscle sense of the dis-tended rectum. The first mass movementempties the rectum and part of the pelviccolon. Secondary mass movements occurand continue until, under normal condi-tions, the entire large intestine belowthe splenic flexure is completely emptied. Fig. 6. An enema of 5 ounces of magnesia sulphatesolution carrying 35 grams of bismuth subcarbonate.Plate taken two minutes after injection. the asthenic type who habitually have aslower rate of colonic motility, as well asthe hypersthenic whose motility is highe

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