File:Text-book of structural and physiological botany (1877) (14776380592).jpg

Identifier: textbookofstruct00thom (find matches)
Title: Text-book of structural and physiological botany
Year: 1877 (1870s)
Authors: Thomé, Otto Wilhelm, 1840- Bennett, Alfred William, 1833-1902
Subjects: Plant physiology
Publisher: New York : J. Wiley & sons
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Fig. 464.—Bambiisa Tkotmrsii, the bamboo (greatly reduced). panicles, capitula, or cymes, and are either hermaphrodite or diclinous,and in the latter case usually, as in Cai^ex^ the male and female flowers special Morphology and Classificaiion. 347 are placed in different spikes on the same stem. Each flower standsin the axil of a bract, which is called a glume or pale, two of these
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Fig. 465. —Creeping rhizome of Carex (greatly reduced). pales usually occurring in each flower ; and then the inner one is eitheradherent to the rachis, or, as in Cai^ex, is transformed into a sheathingbag or utricle enclosing the flower. Thegenera with hermaphrodite flowers areeither entirely destitute of a perianth, asCyperus (Fig. 466) and Cladiuin, or it iscomposed of bristles, either few in number,as in Scirpus .2<x\A Rhynchospora, or in largenumbers, and in that case forming a tuft ofhairs closely resembling cotton-wool spring-ing from the inflorescence, as in the cotton-grass, Eriophorum. In Carex the maleflower consists of three stamens, the femaleflower of a tubular envelope, the utricle,surrounding the free ovary, which is gene-rally unilocular and one-seeded, but withthree stigmas (Fig. 467)., The fruit is acaryopsis ; the small embryo is surroundedby the floury endosperm. The rhi/ome of many Cyperacete is rich instarch and gelatine ; and that of Cyperus esculentus is

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