File:Text-book of structural and physiological botany (1877) (14774402224).jpg

Identifier: textbookofstruct00thom (find matches)
Title: Text-book of structural and physiological botany
Year: 1877 (1870s)
Authors: Thomé, Otto Wilhelm, 1840- Bennett, Alfred William, 1833-1902
Subjects: Plant physiology
Publisher: New York : J. Wiley & sons
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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leaves • among the best-known species are S. babylonicathe weeping willow, S. vitellina the osier, S. dtba the white willow,Popuhis tremula the aspen, P, nigra the blaclc poplar, P, pyramidalisthe Lombardy poplar, P. alba the white poplar, and P. bahamiferathe American balsam poplar. The wood of some species is valuableon account of its toughness and elasticity, and Is used for basket-workand other purposes. The bark of othei^, as S, peiitandra andfi-a^ilis^ is officinal, affording the substance known as salicine. ^ (The orders Betulaceoe and Salicaeege, together with CupuUferaeand Corylacese from the cohort Quernales, constitute the Amentace^ ofthe syllabus of the University of London,—Ed.) 376 Structural and Physiolog ical Botany, To this cohort belong also the small orders Platanacece (Platanus);Myricacece (Myrica)\ and CasuarinacecE (Casuarma). (Cohort VI. EuPHORBiALES. Flowers hermaphrodite or diclinous ;perianth green, coloured or absent; ovary bi- or multi-locular \ ovules
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Fig. 481.—Sallow, Salix Caprea ; I. male catkin (natural size); IL male flower(magnified) ; III. female catkin (natural size) ; IV, female flower (magnified) ; V»transverse section of ovary ; VI. fruit; VII. ripe seed (magnified). one or many in each loculus, pendulous, anatropous ; fruit usually auni- or multi-locular capsule ; seeds solitary or numerous.) Order I. Euphorbiace^. (Figs. 482, 483.) Trees, shrubs, orherbs, containing a watery, often acrid, more rarely tasteless latex.The stem of some species is fleshy, resembling that of the cactus, andis then leafless, or the leaves are replaced by small scales, spines, or special Morphology and Classification. 377 hairs. Flowers solitary or collected into an inflorescence, and herma-phrodite, monoecious, or dioecious. The tropical species especially areso polymorphic, and yet so nearly related, that their classification is at-tended with extreme difficulty. The genera of northern Europe agreein never having a double perianth separa

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