File:Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological (1882) (17760624330).jpg

Title: Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological
Identifier: ajp2576.0001.001.umich.edu
Year: 1882 (1880s)
Authors: Sachs, Julius, 1832-1897; Vines, Sydney Howard, 1849-1934. ed. and tr
Subjects: Botany
Publisher: Oxford, Clarendon press
Contributing Library: University of Michigan
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Michigan

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THE CHLOROPHYLL-BODIES. 47 leaves are red, this depends on a substance dissolved in the sap; but in this case also the yellow granules are to be found. The presence of chlorophyll in tissues is not always to be recognised by the naked eye. Sometimes the cells that possess chlorophyll contain a red sap; in other cases the green tissue of the leaves is covered by an epidermis with red sap, as in young plants of A triplex horiensis; in this case, if the coloured epidermis be removed, the green tissue may be recognised. But in Algae and Lichens we find that the chlorophyll-body of the cell itself contains, in addition to the green colouring matter, a red, blue, or yellow substance soluble in water; the fresh
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FIG. 44.—Transverse section through a leaf of Selaginella inaqualifolia X 550). A in the middle, B at the margin; ch the chlorophyll-granules; visible in them are the small starch-grains; eu the lower epidermis; ed the upper epidermis; / an air-conducting intercellular space; sp stomata. FIG. 45,—Chlorophyll-granules of Funaria hygrometrica (X 550). A cells of a mature leaf, seen from the surface; the chlorophyll- granules lie in a parietal layer of protoplasm, in which the nucleus is also imbedded; they contain starch-grains (left white). B single chlorophyll-granule containing starch; a a young one, b an older one, *' and b" granules in the act of division; c, d, e old chlorophyll- granules, the starch-grains of which take up the space of the chlorophyll; y a young chlorophyll-granule swollen up in water; ^the same after longer action of the water; the chlorophyll is destroyed, the starch-grains which it contained remaining behind. chlorophyll-body appears then, by the admixture of the chlorophyll contained in it with these substances, verdigris -green (Oscillaioria, Peliigera canina, &c.), a fine red (Floridese), brown (Fucus> Laminaria saccharind)y or buff (Diatomaceae). (See Book II., Algse.) From this are to be distinguished those cases in which the originally green chlorophyll-granules assume a red or yellow colour from the alteration of their colouring material, a phenomenon which, from its physiological bearings, I have termed Degradation of chlorophyll. Thus the green bodies in the walls of the

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