File:South American neighbors.. (1916) (14578966447).jpg

Identifier: southamericannei01stun (find matches)
Title: South American neighbors..
Year: 1916 (1910s)
Authors: Stuntz, Homer C. (from old catalog)
Subjects:
Publisher: N.Y.
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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he Biobio river, nearly three hundred milessouth of Santiago, the capital, after five years ofstubborn resistance by the Indians of the central partof that country. Here he met the unconquerableAraucanians. Beyond this point he could not go.Again and again his battle-hardened Spanish veteranswere hurled back by the only tribe of Indians on eithercontinent who were never conquered by foreign arms.Valdivia contented himself with strengthening hisgovernment at Santiago, and, in the years immediatelyfollowing, adventurous spirits from Chile and the con-quered country farther north found their way overthe Andes Mountains and established the cities ofMendoza, Santiago del Estero, on the eastern Andeanslope, and Cordoba, farther toward the Atlantic onthe central plateau. In 1536, only four years after theconquest of Peru, Pedro de Mendoza founded BuenosAires, at the mouth of the La Plata river. The rapidity with which the Spanish explorersoverran the western and southern sections of the con-
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SIMON BOLIVARD. F. SARMIENTO FRANCISCO PIZARRODOM PEDRO II GLIMPSES OF FOUR CENTURIES 39 tinent is extraordinary. In fifty years they had laidthe foundations of practically all the Spanish stateswhich are now organized as nine independent re-publics. One reason for the rapidity of conquest wasthe fact that the Spaniards had not come as agricul-tural settlers, but as seekers of gold. . . . The new-comers passed on to their children no inheritance ofindustrious conflict with common conditions, no dis-position to seek wealth in the orderly development ofcommon resources, no agricultural knowledge, butonly the dominant ideas of quick action or feudalease. * During two hundred and seventy-eight years, fromthat fateful November in 1532 when the Incas social-istic civilization fell into utter ruins at the first dis-charge of European cannon, cruelty followed cruelty,and misrule and intolerance reigned. Spain forbadenon-Spanish immigration into that portion of the con-tinent which she control

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