File:South American Freshwater Stingray- that's the one at the far end (27798682122).jpg
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
![File:South American Freshwater Stingray- that's the one at the far end (27798682122).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/South_American_Freshwater_Stingray-_that%27s_the_one_at_the_far_end_%2827798682122%29.jpg/800px-South_American_Freshwater_Stingray-_that%27s_the_one_at_the_far_end_%2827798682122%29.jpg?20230414102112)
Size of this preview: 800 × 530 pixels. Other resolutions: 320 × 212 pixels | 640 × 424 pixels | 1,024 × 678 pixels | 1,280 × 848 pixels | 2,560 × 1,696 pixels | 4,928 × 3,264 pixels.
Original file (4,928 × 3,264 pixels, file size: 4.77 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
File information
Structured data
Captions
Captions
Two species of Neotropical freshwater stingray in a Toronto aquarium
Twee spesies Neotropiese varswater-stekelrôe in 'n akwarium in Toronto
Summary
[edit]DescriptionSouth American Freshwater Stingray- that's the one at the far end (27798682122).jpg |
Afrikaans: Met die eerste oogopslag het ek hierdie dier (die grotere in die skaduwees bo) vir 'n hoefysterkrap aangesien, maar die kennisgewing het dit duidelik as een van die Suid-Amerikaanse varswater-stekelrôe, naamlik die Kringvlekrivierrog (Potamotrygon motoro) aangedui. Die kleiner swart diertjies met wit kolle is eweneens 'n spesie varswater-stekelrog, die Xingu-rivierrog (Potamotrygon leopoldi) wat die tenk met eersgenoemde spesie deel. Xingu-rivierrôe kan aan 'n werpsel van tot twaalf telge op 'n slag geboorte skenk.
Al word daar maklik aanvaar dat rôe uitsluitlik seediere is, word varswaterrôe op rivierbodems in dele van Suid-Amerika, Asië en selfs Australië gevind. Rivierstekelrôe van Suid-Amerika is inheems aan riviere wat in die Karibiese See en Atlantiese Oseaan uitmond, en wel so ver suid as die Platarivier in Argentinië. Elke rivierstelsel het sy eie endemiese rôe. Hulle is oor die algemeen ligbruin, verskillend gevlek of gespikkeld, het skywe wat wissel van 25 tot 150 sentimeter (1 tot 5 voet) in deursnee en 'n giftige stertstekel. Potamotrygonidae is endemies aan Brasilië en bevat sowat 28 spesies in 4 genera, wat deur habitatverlies bedreig word. Hulle verteenwoordig die enigste familie van batoïede wat volkome tot varswaterhabitatte beperk is. Hul giftige stekels word soms selfs meer as piranhas of elektriese palings gevrees, maar hulle is oorwegend onskadelik, tensy hulle vasgekeer, verskrik of op getrap word. (Toronto, Kanada, Nov 2015) English: At first glance, I thought this animal (the larger animal lurking in the shadows above) was a horseshoe crab, but a large sign confirmed that this was a South American freshwater stingray (Potamotrygon motoro). The small black animals with white spots are likewise another species of freshwater stingray, the Xingu river ray, White-blotched river stingray, or Polka-dot stingray (Potamotrygon leopoldi) which share the tank with the above species. Xingu river rays can give birth to as many as twelve pups at one time. Though stingrays are often believed to be exclusively ocean-dwelling creatures, freshwater rays may be found lurking on river bottoms in parts of South American, Asia and even Australia. River stingrays in South America occur in rivers draining into the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean as far south as the River Plata in Argentina. Each river system has its own endemic stingrays. They are generally pale brown, variously mottled or speckled, have discs ranging from 25 to 150 centimetres (1 to 5 ft) in diameter and venomous caudal stings. Potamotrygonidae are endemic to Brazil and contains some 28 species in 4 genera, which are threatened by habitat loss. They represent the only family of batoids completely restricted to fresh water habitats. Their venomous stings are sometimes feared even more than piranhas or electric eels, but they are not generally harmful unless cornered, threatened or stepped on. (Toronto, Canada, Nov 2015) |
Date | |
Source | South American Freshwater Stingray- that's the one at the far end |
Author | shankar s. from Dubai, United Arab Emirates |
Licensing
[edit]![w:en:Creative Commons](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/CC_some_rights_reserved.svg/90px-CC_some_rights_reserved.svg.png)
![attribution](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/24px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png)
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
![]() |
This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on 18 March 2024 by the administrator or reviewer 0x0a, who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date. |
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 10:21, 14 April 2023 | ![]() | 4,928 × 3,264 (4.77 MB) | JMK (talk | contribs) | adjust light and midtones, add contrast and balance colours |
01:38, 29 July 2019 | ![]() | 4,928 × 3,264 (3.97 MB) | Mindmatrix (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
---|---|
Camera model | NIKON D7000 |
Exposure time | 1/40 sec (0.025) |
F-number | f/4.5 |
ISO speed rating | 800 |
Date and time of data generation | 23:44, 18 November 2015 |
Lens focal length | 42 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Software used | Ver.1.03 |
File change date and time | 23:44, 18 November 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 23:44, 18 November 2015 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.3 APEX (f/4.44) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 40 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 40 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 40 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 63 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.3.0.0 |