File:Sorted gravel pile from Pleistocene glacial outwash (St. Louisville gravel pits, Licking County, Ohio, USA) 17 (45396483065).jpg
![File:Sorted gravel pile from Pleistocene glacial outwash (St. Louisville gravel pits, Licking County, Ohio, USA) 17 (45396483065).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sorted_gravel_pile_from_Pleistocene_glacial_outwash_%28St._Louisville_gravel_pits%2C_Licking_County%2C_Ohio%2C_USA%29_17_%2845396483065%29.jpg/800px-Sorted_gravel_pile_from_Pleistocene_glacial_outwash_%28St._Louisville_gravel_pits%2C_Licking_County%2C_Ohio%2C_USA%29_17_%2845396483065%29.jpg?20191128211253)
Original file (4,288 × 2,337 pixels, file size: 6.18 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Captions
Summary
[edit]DescriptionSorted gravel pile from Pleistocene glacial outwash (St. Louisville gravel pits, Licking County, Ohio, USA) 17 (45396483065).jpg |
Several ponds and lakes occur along the North Fork of the Licking River, between the towns of Newark and St. Louisville in Licking County, Ohio. These bodies of water are artificial - they are filling old gravel mines. Only one bedrock mine still operates in Licking County, plus active gravel mining. This gravel mine is the St. Louisville Facility, owned by Shelly Materials. The company started in 1946 and has mines/quarries in 77 out of Ohio's 88 counties. This site has a sand and gravel operation, plus an asphalt plant. Mining here started in the 1980s. It is currently a wet mine - a dredging operation. Machinery extracts sand and gravel from 60 to 70 feet below the visible water surface in the ponds. The sediments are sorted into piles of sand and larger grains, including landscaping gravel. I've been told that this site produced 770,000 tons of gravel back in 2004, sold at about four American dollars per ton. The southern and eastern edges of the mine expose a modern soil developed directly atop the sand-gravel deposit. The deposit itself is not really well-sorted overall - it's mostly a mix of sand and finer-grained gravel (pebbles). There are discrete intervals of sand interbedded with gravel-rich horizons. The deposit includes cobbles. This material is a glacial outwash deposit of Late Pleistocene age. It was deposited as the Wisconsinan Ice Sheet melted. Glaciers are more than just ice - considerable volumes of sediments are mixed in. Upon melting, the sediments get washed out. The valley containing the North Fork of the Licking River is mostly buried and filled with such glacial outwash. According to the glacial map of Ohio produced by the Ohio Geological Survey, the glacial outwash at this site is 15,000 to 18,000 years old. The glacial outwash clasts include a wide variety of lithologies. Some have been eroded from local and near-local Ohio bedrock (e.g., Mississippian siliciclastics and Devonian carbonates). Some clasts are derived from Precambrian bedrock in Canada. One distinctive clast lithology I've seen here is metatillite from the Paleoproterozoic Gowganda Formation. These metatillites are slightly metamorphosed, ancient glacial till deposits (coarse-grained, poorly-sorted, non-bedded). Such rocks are intriguing - they represent two Ice Ages in one sample: a 2.3 billion year old Ice Age deposit represented as a clast in a 15,000 to 18,000 year old Ice Age deposit. Locality: St. Louisville gravel pits, eastern side of the North Fork of the Licking River, south of the town of St. Louisville, northern Licking County, east-central Ohio, USA (40° 09’ 33.06” North latitude, 82° 24’ 35.60” West longitude) |
Date | |
Source | Sorted gravel pile from Pleistocene glacial outwash (St. Louisville gravel pits, Licking County, Ohio, USA) 17 |
Author | James St. John |
Licensing
[edit]![w:en:Creative Commons](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/CC_some_rights_reserved.svg/90px-CC_some_rights_reserved.svg.png)
![attribution](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/24px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png)
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
![]() |
This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/45396483065 (archive). It was reviewed on 28 November 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
28 November 2019
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 21:12, 28 November 2019 | ![]() | 4,288 × 2,337 (6.18 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
---|---|
Camera model | NIKON D90 |
Exposure time | 1/250 sec (0.004) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:52, 18 April 2014 |
Lens focal length | 22 mm |
Width | 4,288 px |
Height | 2,848 px |
Bits per component |
|
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 15:52, 1 December 2018 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:52, 18 April 2014 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX shutter speed | 7.965784 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.8 APEX (f/3.73) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 33 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.2.0.0 |
Serial number of camera | 3562538 |
Lens used | 18.0-200.0 mm f/3.5-5.6 |
Date metadata was last modified | 10:52, 1 December 2018 |
Unique ID of original document | DD69BEF636CECB3240822683B809CDA7 |
IIM version | 65,534 |