File:Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists (1920) (14780560371).jpg

Identifier: scientificapplie00krae (find matches)
Title: Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Kraemer, Henry, 1868-1924
Subjects: Pharmacognosy
Publisher: New York, Wiley
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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f-bases; fracture short, hornywhen dry, tough when damp; internally, bark light brown, 2 to 6mm. in thickness, made up of concentric layers of laticiferous vesselsand sieve alternating with white parenchyma, wood lemon-yellow, 1 to4 mm. in thickness, porous and non-radiate; odor slight; taste bitter. Inner Structure.—See Fig. 303. Powder.—Light brown; parenchyma containing irregular crys-talloidal masses of inulin; laticiferous vessels yellowish-brown;tracheae reticulate; intermediate fibers non-lignified, with irregularsimple and oblique pores. Adulterant.—The roots of one or more species of Lactuca havebeen substituted. The wood is radiate, the tracheae being one cellwide alternating with medullary rays two or three cells in width.(Ui S. Dept. Agric.) 688 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY Constituents.—A bitter, amorphous, dark-colored substance;inulin about 25 per cent; a volatile oil; an enzyme; levulose;choline; p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid; 3 : 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid;
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Fig. 303.—Taraxacum: A, transverse section of root showing cork (k), paren-chyma containing inulin (p), laticiferous vessels (I), phloem groups (s) com-posed of sieve and laticiferous vessels, cambium (c), tracheae (t), modified,non-lignified wood fibers (Ersatzfasern) (w). B, longitudinal section ofxylem showing several of the reticulate tracheae and the modified wood fiberswith oblique pores that are apparent in preparations, made with chlor-zinc-iodide. C, longitudinal section of a phloem group showing branching laticif-erous vessels (0, sieve cells (s), and parenchyma (p) containing spherecrystals of inulin. a mixture of fatty acids; two new monohydric alcohols, taraxas-terol and homotaraxasterol; and a substance which had been desig- CHICORY 689 nated cluytianol (see Cluytia similis, p. 401), but which appa-rently is a phytosterol glucoside. Literature.—Power, Jour. Chem. Sec, 1912, p. 2411. Cichorium.—Chicory, Succory or Blue Dandelion Root.—The rhizome and roots of Cich

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