File:Schematic representation of macrophage plasticity and its involvement in tissue injury.png
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Schematic_representation_of_macrophage_plasticity_and_its_involvement_in_tissue_injury.png (608 × 374 pixels, file size: 142 KB, MIME type: image/png)
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[edit]DescriptionSchematic representation of macrophage plasticity and its involvement in tissue injury.png |
English: Macrophages recruited to the site of an injury or infection during the initiation phase of the inflammatory reaction have an M1 phenotype. They produce pro-inflammatory and stress mediators and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1 and -12, interferon γ (IFNγ), an enzyme generating nitric oxide (iNOS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These macrophages have proinflammatory and antimicrobial effects and lead to matrix degradation and tissue destruction. During the resolution phase of the injury, these M1 macrophages are converted into an M2 phenotype with a different cytokine and chemokine repertoire, including IL-10, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), arginase 1 (Arg1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF). These M2 macrophages have anti-inflammatory effects and promote blood-vessel formation (angiogenesis), matrix synthesis, and tissue remodeling.
한국어: 대식세포 가소성과 조직손상에 대한 도식적인 묘사. 대식세포는 M1 표현형을 가지고 있는데, 손상을 입은 부위나 염증반응을 일으키는 시작단계에서 관여하게 된다. 대식세포는 염증반응을 일으키게 하고 stress 중재체 및 Tumor necrosis factor a
(TNFa), interleukin-1, -12 (IL-1, IL-12), interferon r(IFNr), nitric oxide(iNOS), reactive oxygen species(ROS)와 같은 cytokine을 분비하게 한다. 또한 대식세포는 염증전반응(Pro-inflammatory) 및 항균성효과를 가져와 분해 및 세포파괴를 일으킨다. 손상의 단계에서 완화단계는 M1 대식세포가 M2로 전환되어 M1 때와는 다른 cytokine 및 chemokine을 분비하는데 여기에는 IL-10, Transforming growth factor b(TGF-b), Matrix etalloproteinases(MMPs), arginase 1(Arg1), tissue inhibitos of etalloproteinases(TIMPs), Vascular epithelial growth factor(VEGF) 등이 관여된다. 여기서 M2 대식세포는 항염증효과와 혈관신생합성(angiogenesis), 세포질 합성, 조직재생에도 관여한다. |
Date | |
Source | http://www.arcr.niaaa.nih.gov/arcr/arcr372/article09.htm |
Author | Cynthia Ju, Ph.D., and Pranoti Mandrekar, Ph.D. |
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current | 09:09, 29 May 2016 | 608 × 374 (142 KB) | JameskimKor (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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