File:Report upon the forestry investigations of the U. S. Department of agriculture. 1877-1898 (1899) (20189699963).jpg

Title: Report upon the forestry investigations of the U. S. Department of agriculture. 1877-1898
Identifier: CUbiodiversity1180797 (find matches)
Year: 1899 (1890s)
Authors: Fernow, B. E. (Bernhard Eduard), 1851-1923; United States. Forest Service
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Washington, Govt. print. off.
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Mann Library, Cornell

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TIMBER PHYSICS STRENGTH AND WEIGHT. 367 Eeswltb of tests in hendingf at relative elastic limit, (Pounds per square inch.) No 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Species. Reduced to 15 per cent moisture. Longleaf pine. Cuban pine... Shortleaf pine Loblolly pine . Reduced to 12 per cent moisture. White pine Red pine Spruce pine Bald cypress White cedar Douglas spruce a ... White oak Overcup oak Post oak Cow oak Red oak Texan oaK * Yellow oak Water oak Willow oak Spanish oak Soagbark hickory . Mockernut hickory Water hickory Bitternut hickory . Nutmeg hickory... Pecan hickory Pignut hickory White elm Cedar elm „ White ash Green ash Sweet gum Average Average Highest Lowest of high- of lowest Average of all of tertt.a. single single est 10 per 10 per test. test. cent ol tests. cent of tests. tests. 1,160 13,500 2,400 11,100 5,400 8,500 390 12,900 2,200 11,500 5,600 9,500 330 1J.900 2,900 9,700 4,800 7,200 050 12,700 3,100 10,800 5,400 8, 200 130 10,000 4,100 8,200 4,500 6,400 95 11,300 3,100 10, 300 4,500 7,700 170 13,700 3,000 11,200 5,000 8,400 655 12, 000 2,200 9,900 4,200 6,600 87 8,200 3,400 7,390 4,000 5,800 41 13,700 2,800 9,600 3,400 6,400 218 15,700 4,400 14,100 6,100 9,600 216 11, 600 4,000 9,500 5,400 7,500 49 10,600 5,100 9,600 6,000 8,400 256 14, 200 3,400 11, 600 5,000 7,600 57 14,500 5,100 13,600 5,600 9,200 117 12, 000 5,900 11,400 7,800 9,400 40 11, 800 4,900 11,100 5,100 8,100 31 11,800 4,500 11,400 5,500 8,800 r 153 13,100 2,700 10, 000 4,300 7,400 257 13, 500 5,100 11, 600 6,600 8,600 187 16,100 5,400 14,200 7,700 11,200 75 15, 400 4,300 14, 600 7,800 11,700 14 11,900 4,100 11,800 4,800 9,800 25 14,300 7,500 14, 000 7,600 11,100 72 12,200 4,200 11,200 6,400 9,300 37 15,000 5,800 14,400 7,900 11,500 30 17,500 7,400 16 400 8,300 12,600 18 9,700 5,300 9,600 5,400 7,300 44 10,700 4,700 10,100 5,800 8,000 87 11, 500 3,600 10,400 5,200 7,900 10 13, 200 3,200 13,200 3,200 8,900 118 11,000 3,500 10,100 5,100 7,800 Proportion oi tests within 10 per cent of average. Per cent. 43 42 48 46 58 38 51 25 44 32 37 47 34 50 15 62 35 40 50 39 21 44 46 65 40 33 57 43 40 46 Proportion of tests within 25 per cent of average Per cent, 81 83 81 85 85 73 82 66 86 56 73 91 76 95 49 94 75 84 81 B0 89 83 86 84 93 89 83 71 91 83 70 82 Modulus of elasticity (average of all tests). 1,890,000 2,300,000 1, 600,000 1,950, 000 1, 390,000 1,620,000 1, 640, 000 1, 290, 000 910, 000 1,680, 000 2,090, 000 1, 620, 000 2, 030, 000 1,610, 000 1, 970,000 1,860, 000 1,740, 000 2, 000, 000 1, 750, 000 1, 930,000 2, 390,000 2,320,000 2, 080, 000 2, 280, 000 1,940, 000 2, 530, 900 2, 730, 000 1,540,000 1,700, 000 1,640,000 2,050,000 1,700, 000 a Actual tests on " dry " material not reduced for moisture. /£p0O //poo i mooo u <A S3 a* F-t CD ft 1X3 •73 a 53 O (-t 3000 £ 8000 17000 6000 £000
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35 40 45 Weight per cubic foot in pounds. Jig. 95—Relation of strength in compression endwise to weight of material. The figure at each point indicates the species thereby represented.

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