File:Report of the Geological exploration of the fortieth parallel (1871) (14564232869).jpg

Identifier: reportofgeologic31871unit (find matches)
Title: Report of the Geological exploration of the fortieth parallel
Year: 1870 (1870s)
Authors: United States Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel (1867-1881) King, Clarence, 1842-1901 Hague, A. (Arnold), 1840-1917 Emmons, Samuel Franklin, 1841-1911 Hague, James D. (James Duncan), 1836-1908 Meek, F. B. (Fielding Bradford), 1817-1876 Hall, James, 1811-1898 Whitfield, Robert Parr, 1828-1910 Ridgway, Robert, 1850-1929 Watson, Sereno, 1826-1892 Eaton, Daniel Cady, 1834-1895 Bien, Julius, 1826-1909
Subjects: Geology Mines and mineral resources Paleontology Botany Birds
Publisher: (Washington : Govt. Print. Off.)
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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low the cylinder is the suction pipe, S, dippingbelow the surface of the water to be lifted. Above the cylinder is an ironpipe or column of elevation, C, in which the water is raised, by the upwardmovement of the piston, to any desired height. When the piston in thecylinder is moved upward, its valve remaining closed, and the lower end ofthe suction pipe being immersed in the water, the pressure of the exteriorair causes the water to rise in the suction pipe, S, and to pass through theretaining valve, F, at the bottom of the cylinder, in accordance with the well-known principle involved in all suction pumps. On the downward stroke ofthe piston the retaining valve, V, at the bottom of the cylinder, closes, whilethe valve, v, in the piston, opens and the water passes through the piston. Onthe succeeding upward stroke the water, now above the piston, is lifted by it,while a new supply is drawn into the cylinder in the manner just described,to be lifted by the next upward stroke. Plate IX
Text Appearing After Image:
THE COMSTOCK MINES. 125 The pipe or column in which the water is raised above the piston issometimes placed upon and directly over the cylinder, in which case the rodto which the piston is attached passes up through it and is connected abovewith the motive power; but commonly the pipe, or column of elevation, isfixed at one side and connected by a short horizontal or curved piece, H, withthe cylinder, the top of which is then fitted with a stuffing-box, g. The pis-ton-rod passes through the latter and is then connected with the main pump-rod, R, working in the shaft, from which it receives its motion. The column may be of any desired height to which the strength of thematerial is adapted. As the lifting pump is generally only employed in theComstock mines at the bottom of the shaft to raise the water to the force-pump above, the height of its column varies according to circumstances. Inshafts where sinking is in progress the column of the lifting pump is con-stantly being extended as

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