File:ROMAN EMPIRE, ANTONIUS PIUS 138-161 b - Flickr - woody1778a.jpg
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Afrikaans: Antoninus Pius is op die 19de September 86 n.C. naby Lanuvium gebore en was Romeinse keiser van 131 tot 161 n.C. Hy was die seun van Aurelius Fulvus, 'n Romeinse konsul wie se familie uit Nemausus (Nimes) afkomstig was. Na sy vader se afsterwe is Pius onder die sorg van Arrius Antoninus opgevoed. Arrius, 'n onkreukbare en gekultiveerde man, was Antoninus se oupa aan moederskant wat ook met die jonger Plinius bevriend was. Nadat hy die ampte van quaestor en praetor met meer as gewone welslae voltooi het, het hy die konsulskap in 120 n.C. verkry, en is vervolgens tot een van vier konsulêre ampte vir Italië verkies. Deur die amp van prokonsul van Asië te beklee het hy sy reputasie aansienlik vergroot, en het baie invloed by keiser Hadrianus verkry. Hadrianus het hom op die 25ste Februarie 138 n.C., na die dood van sy eerste aangenome seun Aelius Verus, as sy seun en opvolger aangeneem. Dit was op voorwaarde dat hy op sy beurt weer vir Marcus Annius Verus, sy vrou se broerskind, sou aanneem, benewens Lucius, die seun van Aelius Verus, daarna die keisers Marcus Aurelius en Lucius Verus (kollega van Marcus Aurelius) onderskeidelik. 'n Paar maande later, met Hadrianus se dood, het die Romeinse volk Pius entoesiasties op die troon verwelkom, wat in hul vooruitsig op 'n gelukkige regering tewens nie teleurgestel is nie. Want Antoninus het na sy nuwe amp gekom met besadigde smaak, 'n vriendelike geaardheid en uitgebreide ervaring, benewens 'n goed opgeleide intellek en 'n opregte verlange na die welsyn van sy onderdane. In plaas daarvan om te plunder om sy kwistigheid te versadig, het hy sy private tesourie leegbetaal om provinsies en stede in nood by te staan, en oral 'n suinige ekonomie toegepas (vandaar sy bynaam "komyn-splyter"). In plaas daarvan om alles wat vir ongunstige interpretasie vatbaar was tot hoogverraad te oordryf, het hy die sameswerings wat teen hom gevorm is, verander in geleenthede om sy genade te betoon. In plaas daarvan om vervolging teen die Christene aan te wakker, het hy regdeur die hele ryk sy sterk hand van beskerming na hulle uitgereik. Eerder as om aanleiding te gee tot daardie onderdrukking wat hy as onafwendbaar beskou het, naamlik 'n keiser se opgang danksy onderwerping, was hy tevrede om al die jare van sy heerskappy in Rome of die omgewing daarvan deur te bring. Onder sy beskerming is die wetenskap van regspraak uitgebou deur manne van hoë bekwaamheid, en 'n aantal menslike en billike wetsbepalings is in sy naam aangeneem. Oor die openbare transaksies van hierdie tydperk het ons maar min inligting, maar, te oordeel aan wat ons wel besit, was daardie twee-en-twintig jaar nie merkwaardig gebeurtenisvol nie. Een van sy eerste dade was om die senaat te oorreed om goddelike eerbetoon aan Hadrianus toe te ken, wat hulle eers geweier het; dit het hom die titel van Pius (pligsgetrou in liefde) besorg. Hy het tempels, teaters en mausoleums gebou, die kunste en wetenskap bevorder en eerbewyse en salarisse aan die leraars van retoriek en filosofie toegeken. Sy heerskappy was betreklik vreedsaam. Opstande onder die More, Jode en Brigantes in Brittanje is maklik besleg. Die een militêre resultaat wat vir ons nou van belang is, is die bou in Brittanje van die muur van Antoninus van die Forth af tot aan die Clyde. In sy huishoudelike sake was Antoninus nie ewe gelukkig nie. Sy vrou, Faustina, het amper 'n bywoord geword vir haar gebrek aan vroulike deug; maar dit lyk asof sy haar houvas op sy liefde tot op die laaste behou het. By haar dood het hy haar nagedagtenis vereer deur die stigting van 'n liefdadigheid-organisasie vir weesmeisies, wat die naam Alimentariae Faustinianae sou dra. Hy het by haar twee seuns en twee dogters gehad; maar met die uitsondering van Annia Faustina, wat die vrou van Marcus Aurelius sou word, is hulle almal voor sy troonbestyging oorlede. Antoninus het op die 7de Maart 161 n.C. aan koors te Lorium in Etrurië gesterf, sowat 12 myl buite Rome. Die sleutel tot sy lewe het hy geuiter in sy laaste woord toe die tribune van die nagwag die wagwoord by hom kom vra het — aequanimitas, d.i. welwillendheid.
English: Antoninus Pius was a Roman emperor during 131 to 161 AD, the son of Aurelius Fulvus, a Roman consul whose family had originally belonged to Nemausus (Nimes), was born near Lanuvium on the 19th of September 86. After the death of his father, he was brought up under the care of Arrius Antoninus, his maternal grandfather, a man of integrity and culture, and on terms of friendship with the younger Pliny. Having filled with more than usual success the offices of quaestor and praetor, he obtained the consulship in 120; he was next chosen one of the four consulars for Italy, and greatly increased his reputation by his conduct as proconsul of Asia. He acquired much influence with the emperor Hadrian, who adopted him as his son and successor on the 25th of February 138, after the death of his first adopted son Aelius Verus, on condition that he himself adopted Marcus Annius Verus, his wife's brother's son, and Lucius, son of Aelius Verus, afterwards the emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus (colleague of Marcus Aurelius). A few months afterwards, on Hadrian's death, he was enthusiastically welcomed to the throne by the Roman people, who, for once, were not disappointed in their anticipation of a happy reign. For Antoninus came to his new office with simple tastes, kindly disposition, extensive experience, a well-trained intelligence and the sincerest desire for the welfare of his subjects. Instead of plundering to support his prodigality, he emptied his private treasury to assist distressed provinces and cities, and everywhere exercised rigid economy (hence the nickname "cummin-splitter"). Instead of exaggerating into treason whatever was susceptible of unfavorable interpretation, he turned the very conspiracies that were formed against him into opportunities of signalizing his clemency. Instead of stirring up persecution against the Christians, he extended to them the strong hand of his protection throughout the empire. Rather than give occasion to that oppression which he regarded as inseparable from an emperor's progress through his dominions, he was content to spend all the years of his reign in Rome, or its neighborhood. Under his patronage the science of jurisprudence was cultivated by men of high ability, and a number of humane and equitable enactments were passed in his name. Of the public transactions of this period we have but scant information, but, to judge by what we possess, those twenty-two years were not remarkably eventful. One of his first acts was to persuade the senate to grant divine honors to Hadrian, which they had at first refused; this gained him the title of Pius (dutiful in affection). He built temples, theaters, and mausoleums, promoted the arts and sciences, and bestowed honors and salaries upon the teachers of rhetoric and philosophy. His reign was comparatively peaceful. Insurrections amongst the Moors, Jews, and Brigantes in Britain were easily put down. The one military result which is of interest to us now is the building in Britain of the wall of Antoninus from the Forth to the Clyde. In his domestic relations Antoninus was not so fortunate. His wife, Faustina, has almost become a byword for her lack of womanly virtue; but she seems to have kept her hold on his affections to the last. On her death he honored her memory by the foundation of a charity for orphan girls, who bore the name of Alimentariae Faustinianae. He had by her two sons and two daughters; but they all died before his elevation to the throne, except Annia Faustina, who became the wife of Marcus Aurelius. Antoninus died of fever at Lorium in Etruria, about 12 miles from Rome, on the 7th of March 161, giving the keynote to his life in the last word that he uttered when the tribune of the night-watch came to ask the password — aequanimitas. |
| Date | |
| Source | ROMAN EMPIRE, ANTONIUS PIUS 138-161 b |
| Author | Jerry "Woody" from Edmonton, Canada |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by woody1778a at https://www.flickr.com/photos/9816248@N03/4349589837. It was reviewed on 12 December 2011 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
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| current | 13:54, 12 December 2011 | | 1,292 × 1,241 (244 KB) | Kobac (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description=Antonius Pius was a Roman emperor during 131 to 161 AD, the son of Aurelius Fulvus, a Roman consul whose family had originally belonged to Nemausus (Nimes), was born near Lanuvium on the 19th of September 86. After the death of |
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