File:Productid brachiopod in flint-bearing fossiliferous limestone (Upper Mercer Limestone, Middle Pennsylvanian; Nellie, Ohio, USA) 1 (28347345229).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionProductid brachiopod in flint-bearing fossiliferous limestone (Upper Mercer Limestone, Middle Pennsylvanian; Nellie, Ohio, USA) 1 (28347345229).jpg |
Productid brachiopod in flint-bearing fossiliferous limestone from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. Black = flint Gray = limestone Brownish = weathered limestone The Upper Mercer Flint is a moderately laterally persistent chert horizon in the Pennsylvanian of eastern Ohio, USA. It is often black-colored but can be dark bluish to bluish-black colored as well (the latter colors are referred to as "Nellie Blue Flint"). Upper Mercer Flint has whitish-colored fossils and fossil fragments that include fusulinid foraminifera, crinoid ossicles, and other Late Paleozoic normal marine fossils. Apparent phylloidal algae can also be present as squiggly lines. This chert horizon is actually a chertified fossiliferous limestone. Non-chertified limestone is frequently present, although minor in volume. Limestone usually occurs along the outside portions of chert masses, but also in relatively small patches within the chert. In places, the Upper Mercer Flint/Limestone horizon is missing, usually removed by paleoerosion. American Indians sometimes used Upper Mercer Flint to make arrowheads and spear points and knife blades. "Flint Ridge Flint" (= Vanport Flint) was the most desirable source rock for these objects, but other chert horizons also attracted attention. The fossil shell seen here is a productid brachiopod. Brachiopods are sessile, benthic, filter-feeding, marine invertebrates. They first appear in Cambrian rocks and were abundant in Earth's oceans throughout the Paleozoic. They were also common in Mesozoic oceans, but are scarce in modern oceanic biotas. Brachiopods have two shells, called valves, that are usually calcareous (made of calcite - CaCO3 - calcium carbonate). Each shell of a brachiopod is bilaterally symmetrical, unlike each shell of a bivalve (clam). Classification: Animalia, Brachiopoda, Articulata (a.k.a. Rhynchonelliformea), Strophomenida, Productidae Stratigraphy: Upper Mercer Flint (= chertified Upper Mercer Limestone), upper Bedford Cyclothem, upper Pottsville Group, Atokan Series, lower Middle Pennsylvanian Locality: Nellie West Outcrop, western Jefferson Township, western Coshocton County, east-central Ohio, USA |
Date | |
Source | Productid brachiopod in flint-bearing fossiliferous limestone (Upper Mercer Limestone, Middle Pennsylvanian; Nellie, Ohio, USA) 1 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/28347345229 (archive). It was reviewed on 8 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
8 October 2019
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current | 12:09, 8 October 2019 | 3,237 × 2,785 (4.83 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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F-number | f/9 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 12:48, 5 February 2018 |
Lens focal length | 7.23 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 13:05, 6 February 2018 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 12:48, 5 February 2018 |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 6.34375 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.34375 APEX (f/3.19) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, compulsory flash firing, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 08:05, 6 February 2018 |
Unique ID of original document | 2E321A5AFA998B4B31FB423731072B7A |