File:Physiology and biochemistry in modern medicine (1918) (14778453241).jpg

Identifier: physiologybioche00macl (find matches)
Title: Physiology and biochemistry in modern medicine
Year: 1918 (1910s)
Authors: Macleod, John James Rickard, 1876-1935 Pearce, R. G. (Roy Gentry), 1884-
Subjects: Physiology Biochemistry
Publisher: St. Louis : Mosby
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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ted in the anterior lobe. Besides pro-ducing general symptoms of pressure, such as diminution of the visualfield and, perhaps, headache, a shadow can usually be observed when thepatient is examined by means of the x-rays. General symptoms, com-monly ascribed to a hypersecretion of the autacoid of the anterior lobe ofthe pituitary—hyperpituitarism—begin sooner or later to show them- 772 THK ENDOCRINE ORGANS, OR DUCTLESS GLANDS selves. These symptoms are almost exactly opposite in character to thoseobserved in animals after removal of this portion of the gland. Thus,the bones of the extremities and of the face become stimulated to in-creased growth, so that if the patient is young, and the epiphyses there-fore not ossified, remarkable elongation of the long bones occurs, pro-ducing the condition known as gigantism. On the other hand, if the dis-ease does not develop until after ossification is complete, its effects be-come most marked in the bones of the face, the lower jaw becoming
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Fig. 200.—Hand of a person affected with acromegaly. enormously hypertrophied and the supraorbital ridges very prominent.The long bones also become enlarged at their extremities, and there maybe some increase in length of the vertebral column, although the staturedoes not increase because of kyphosis (curvature of the spine). Thecondition is.called acromegaly. Nutritive disturbances of the skin andhairs also become marked, causing the skin to become dry and yellowish,and the hairs to undergo abnormal increase over the body. An earlysymptom of the condition is a failure of the sexual power (Figs. 199and 200.) THE PITUITARY BODY 773 After a time the disease begins to affect the pars intermedia et nervosa,and disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism come to be observed, con-sisting usually in a diminished tolerance accompanied by glycosuria, inthe early stages of the disease, followed by increased tolerance in thelater stages. The glycosuria is usually accompanied by marked polyuria. It

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