File:Pacific service magazine (1918) (14783461355).jpg

Identifier: pacificservicema1019paci (find matches)
Title: Pacific service magazine
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Subjects: Pacific Gas and Electric Company Electric utilities Electrical engineering Public utilities
Publisher: San Francisco : Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Contributing Library: San Francisco Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: San Francisco Public Library

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d by a piece of 1-inchwrought-iron pipe extendingdown the interior of the shoreends to the bottom of the elbows.The tops of these risers arecapped with stopcocks so as tofacilitate blowing the line clear.The big problem in laying thislong pipe was to keep it perfectlystraight, as any bending wouldtend to strain the joints and openup leaks. Again, the long lengthand its enormous weight made itbulky to handle, especially across waterwith a strong current running. As thepipe w^as floated across the stream by sup-porting pontoons, the water was kept outof the inside of the pipe by the 45-degreeends being kept turned upward andcapped. Upon completion of the line,tests showed it to be tight at 80 poundsair pressure. The old cast-iron line in concrete is tobe removed by the contractor who fur-nished the equipment for laying the newline. This will be accomplished by break-ing it up with a steel piledriver, and thenremoving the pieces from the channelto clear the way for the Governmentdredger.
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The main receiving finishmg tee on tiie Uakl;ii 390 Pacific Service Magazine The Financial Side of Pacific Service The following section on the subject of Operating Expenses and Taxes is re-printed from the recently published annual report of the Company for the year 1918: Operating Expenses and Taxes The influence of war conditions on operating costs was felt in a cumulative degreein 1918, the wages of labor and prices of materials and supplies of all kinds rising tounprecedented levels. This condition was at its maximum at the close of the yeeu withno tangible indication of any abatement in the near future that would reduce costs inany substantial measure. The situation was rendered still more acute by an ab-normal and State-wide shortage of water, necessitating the production of*a largeamount of electric energy at steam stations which, under normal conditions, wOuldhave been produced at smaller cost at hydroelectric plants. Coupled with extremelyhigh prices for the oil used in thes

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