File:Organ aging in cognitive decline and AD.webp

English: "a, CDRGLOB FIBA was applied to all organ aging models using the Knight-ADRC (K-ADRC) to understand body-wide contributions to brain aging phenotypes (Supplementary Table 15). b, Associations (linear regression) between AD and the CognitionArtery (P valuemeta = 6.02 × 10−16), CognitionBrain (P valuemeta = 9.23 × 10−36), CognitionOrganismal (P valuemeta = 2.03 × 10−28) and CognitionPancreas (P valuemeta = 1.11 × 10−21), age gaps replicated in the Stanford-ADRC (S-ADRC) (Supplementary Table 20). c, Associations (linear regression) between organ age gaps and a composite score of overall cognition in the LonGenity cohort (n = 888). P valueCognitionOrganismal = 9.58 × 10−8, P valueCognitionBrain = 4.24 × 10−7, P valueCognitionArtery = 2.46 × 10−3 and P valueCognitionPancreas = 4.8 × 10−3 (Supplementary Table 23). d, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, organ age gap and risk of conversion from cognitively normal to cognitive impairment (CDR-Global 0 → > = 0.5) over 15 years follow-up in the Knight-ADRC (n = 226 events in 940 individuals). P valueCognitionOrganismal = 0.02, P valueCognitionArtery = 0.04, P valueCognitionBrain = 0.14 and P valueCognitionPancreas = 0.26 (Supplementary Table 24). e, Aging trajectories of top ten weighted model proteins in healthy individuals (n = 3,774) across the four study cohorts. Top CognitionOrganismal proteins change with age earliest and at the highest rate. f, Changes with age of top cognition-optimized aging model proteins in healthy individuals (n = 3,774) across the four study cohorts. Age effect and negative log10 FDR-corrected P values from a linear model are shown. Size of bubbles is scaled by the absolute value of the average model weight (Supplementary Table 25). g, Left, human brain vasculature single-cell RNA expression42 of top five CognitionOrganismal aging proteins. Mean normalized expression values and fraction of cells expressing the genes are shown. Right, pericytes, smooth muscle cells (SMC) and fibroblasts are lost in AD. Asterisks represent P value thresholds from a two-tailed t-test: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. h, Model of age-related cellular degradation of the human brain vasculature reflected in the plasma proteome. i, StringDB protein–protein interaction network of CognitionArtery and interacting proteins (score ≥ 0.4), and related pathway enrichments (percent overlap between proteins and pathway gene sets). j, Model of age-related vascular calcification and extracellular matrix alterations reflected in the plasma proteome. All error bars represent 95% confidence intervals." It is one of the studies briefly featured in 2023 in science