File:One cluster or two - potw2348a.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionOne cluster or two - potw2348a.jpg |
English: This Hubble Picture of the Week features a massive cluster of brightly glowing galaxies, first identified as Abell 3192. Like all galaxy clusters, this one is suffused with hot gas that emits powerful X-rays, and it is enveloped in a halo of invisible dark matter. All this unseen material— not to mention the many galaxies visible in this image — comprises such a huge amount of mass that the galaxy cluster noticeably curves spacetime around it, making it into a gravitational lens. Smaller galaxies behind the cluster appear distorted into long, warped arcs around the cluster’s edges. The galaxy cluster is located in the constellation Eridanus, but the question of its distance from Earth is a more complicated one. Abell 3192 was originally documented in the 1989 update of the Abell catalogue, a catalogue of galaxy clusters that was first published in 1958. At that time, Abell 3192 was thought to comprise a single cluster of galaxies, concentrated at a single distance. However, further research revealed something surprising: the cluster’s mass seemed to be densest at two distinct points rather than one. It was subsequently shown that the original Abell cluster actually comprised two independent galaxy clusters — a foreground group around 2.3 billion light-years from Earth, and a further group at the greater distance of about 5.4 billion light-years from our planet. The more distant galaxy cluster, included in the Massive Cluster Survey as MCS J0358.8-2955,is central in this image. The two galaxy groups are thought to have masses equivalent to around 30 trillion and 120 trillion times the mass of the Sun, respectively. Both of the two largest galaxies at the centre of this image are part of MCS J0358.8-2955; the smaller galaxies you see here, however,are a mixture of the two groups within Abell 3192. [Image Description: A cluster of galaxies, concentrated around what appear to be two large elliptical galaxies. The rest of the black background is covered in smaller galaxies of all shapes and sizes. In the top left and bottom right, beside the two large galaxies, some galaxies appear notably distorted into curves by gravity.] Links Science paper by V. Hamilton-Morris et al. Pan: One cluster or two? |
Date | |
Source | https://esahubble.org/images/potw2348a/ |
Author | ESA/Hubble & NASA, G. Smith, H. Ebeling, D. Coe |
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Source | ESA/Hubble |
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Credit/Provider | ESA/Hubble & NASA, G. Smith, H. Ebeling, D. Coe |
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Date and time of data generation | 06:00, 27 November 2023 |
JPEG file comment | This Hubble Picture of the Week features Abell 3192, a massive cluster of brightly glowing galaxies. Like all galaxy clusters, Abell 3192 is suffused with hot gas that emits powerful X-rays, and it is enveloped in a halo of invisible dark matter. All this unseen material — not to mention the many galaxies visible in this image — comprises such a huge amount of mass that the galaxy cluster noticeably curves spacetime around it, making it into a gravitational lens. Smaller galaxies behind the cluster appear distorted into long, warped arcs around the cluster’s edges. Abell 3192 is located in the constellation Eridanus, but the question of its distance from Earth is a more complicated one. The galaxy cluster was originally documented in the 1989 update of the Abell catalogue, a catalogue of galaxy clusters that was first published in 1958. At that time, Abell 3192 was thought to comprise a single cluster of galaxies, concentrated at a single distance. However, further research revealed something surprising: the cluster’s mass seemed to be densest at two distinct points rather than one. It was subsequently shown that the original Abell cluster actually comprised two independent galaxy clusters — a foreground group around 2.3 billion light-years from Earth, and a further group at the greater distance of about 5.4 billion light-years from our planet. The more distant group, also named RXC J0358.8-2955 from its entry in a catalogue of X-ray sources, is central in this image. The two galaxy clusters are thought to have masses equivalent to around 30 trillion and 120 trillion times the mass of the Sun, respectively. Both of the two largest galaxies at the centre of this image are part of the background group within Abell 3192; the smaller galaxies you see here, however, are a mixture of the two groups. [Image Description: A cluster of galaxies, concentrated around what appear to be two large elliptical galaxies. The rest of the black background is covered in smaller galaxies of all shapes and sizes. In the top left and bottom right, beside the two large galaxies, some galaxies appear notably distorted into curves by gravity.] |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop 25.0 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 16:39, 23 November 2023 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:29, 5 August 2023 |
Date metadata was last modified | 17:39, 23 November 2023 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:561e0bf2-dfcc-5a4a-ac3c-a535ee511de2 |
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Contact information |
ESA Office, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr Baltimore, MD, 21218 United States |
IIM version | 4 |
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