File:On the anatomy of vertebrates (electronic resource) (1866) (14568915167).jpg

Identifier: b20416039_002 (find matches)
Title: On the anatomy of vertebrates (electronic resource)
Year: 1866 (1860s)
Authors: Owen, Richard, 1804-1892
Subjects: Anatomy, Comparative Vertebrates Fishes Reptiles Mammals Birds
Publisher: London : Longmans, Green
Contributing Library: Wellcome Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Wellcome Library

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to be transferred to the anterior zygapophysis,from which it extends in the last four dorsals and in all thelumbar vertebrae. There is a short anapophysis in the last twodorsals, but not in any of the lumbar vertebrae. Nine pairs ofribs directly join the sternum, which consists of eight bones andthe xiphoid cartilage. These characters are found in the vertebral column of mostAntelopes. In the Wild Sheep of Thibet ( Ovis Nahura), as in the Englishdomestic Ovis Aries, the vertebral formula is:—7 cervical, 13 SKELETON OF ARTIODACTYLA. 463 dorsal, 7 lumbar, 4 sacral, 10 caudal, the latter being subject tovariety. The pleurapophysial parts of the transverse processesof the third, fourth, and fifth cervicals underlap the diapophysialparts of those in advance : the pleurapophysis of the sixth cervicalis an oblong quadrate plate; the seventh is imperforate, as inRuminants generally. The neural spines increase in height fromthe third to the seventh cervical, and are suddenly and greatly 310
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Giraffe. surpassed in height by those of the anterior dorsals. The meta-pophysis is developed on the second and succeeding dorsals;attains the anterior zygapophysis in the eleventh; and projectsfrom that part in all the lumbar vertebras. The last pair of ribsare joined by the head, only, to the vertebra : the seven anteriorpairs directly join the sternum, which consists of six bones. The Giraffe is, in some respects, intermediate between the 464 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. hollow-horned and solid-horned Ruminants, though partakingmore of the nature of the Deer. In the Nubian Giraffe ( Ca m el op arda lis Giraffa, fig. 310), thevertebral formula is :—7 cervical, 14 dorsal, 5 lumbar, 4 sacral,and 20 caudal. The vertebral artery perforates the fore part ofthe neurapophysis of the atlas twice, vertically and transversely:the atlas has a hypapophysis: this process in the dentata is along thin ridge: the upper and fore part of the transverse processis perforated by the vertebral artery in thi

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