File:Nervous and mental diseases (1919) (14801289123).jpg

Identifier: nervousmentaldis00chu (find matches)
Title: Nervous and mental diseases
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: Church, Archibald, b. 1861 Peterson, Frederick, 1859-1938, joint author
Subjects: Nervous system Mental illness
Publisher: Philadelphia, London, W.B. Saunders company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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the pial space,filled with a delicate, open, reticular network of fibrous tissue containingcerebrospinal fluid. At the gyral grooves the visceral pia dips to thebottom of the sulci. It everywhere closely adheres to the brain-cortex,which it follows through the transverse fissure into the ventricularchamber^, furnishing the velum interpositum and bearing the choroid 72 PACHYMENINGITIS AND PIAL HEMORRHAGE. 73 plexuses. The arachnopia bridges over the sulci. This arrangementat the great fissures and at the base of the brain in the intervals betweenthe cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla forms cerebrospinal fluidreservoirs, which are continuous with the pial spaces of the spinal cordthrough the foramen magnum. Delicate processes of the pia also ac-company the cranial nerves and vessels from the skull, and are continu-ous with the extracranial lymph-channels. Between the pial layers the cerebral vessels ramify. As they pene-trate the cortex both arteries and veins are accompanied by delicate
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Fig. 25.—Diagram of cerebral meninges and cortex. D, dura mater; S. D., subdural space; P. S., pialspace; A. P., arachnopia; V. P., visceral pia; A, arterial perivascular space; Z, venous perivascularspace (Tuke). sheaths of the visceral pia, which form the perivascular spaces of thebrain. Some of the great pyramidal cells of the cortex are encapsuledby diverticula from these perivascular channels, and are thus nourished(Tuke). In a manner, therefore, these most important cortical elementsmay be considered as appendages of the pia, with which they have suchintimate anatomical relations. The pia also pushes up the Pacchionianbodies into the vascular area of the dura near the venous sinu-ses atthe vertex. These bodies are supposed to furnish an outlet for themeningeal fluid. The brain is constantly changing in bulk through variations in vascu-larity due to mental or physical activity. This would be impossible 74 NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASES. were it not for the ready displacement of th

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