File:Natural Bridge of Virginia with Ordovician dolostones over limestones (Natural Bridge State Park, Virginia, USA) 3.jpg
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionNatural Bridge of Virginia with Ordovician dolostones over limestones (Natural Bridge State Park, Virginia, USA) 3.jpg |
English: Natural bridge developed in Ordovician dolostones and limestones in Virginia, USA.
Rock arches are rare erosional features. Rock arches that are not formed by river or stream erosion are called "natural arches". Those that are formed by river or stream erosion are called "natural bridges". Natural bridges are rarer than natural arches. The highest concentration of natural arches on Earth is Arches National Park in eastern Utah, USA. Very small erosional openings in rocks are called windows. Larger erosional openings are arches. Shown above is a natural bridge in Virginia, USA. The rocks are Ordovician-aged carbonates. The arch itself is composed of dolostone with floating quartz sand grains. This unit is mapped as the lower part of the Beekmantown Formation (Lower Ordovician) by Spencer (1968). The cliffs below the span are marine, sparsely-fossiliferous limestones of the upper Chepultepec Formation (Lower Ordovician). Natural Bridge of Virginia is hypothesized to have formed by roof collapse of a large cave passage containing an underground river. This rock arch is ~215 feet high, ~40 feet in vertical thickness, ~100 feet in lateral width, and has a ~90 feet span between the underlying cliff walls. Locality: Natural Bridge State Park, southern Rockbridge County, west-central Virginia, USA Geologic info. from: Spencer (1968) - Geology of the Natural Bridge, Sugarloaf Mountain, Buchanan, and Arnold Valley Quadrangles, Virginia. Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Report of Investigations 13. 55 pp. 4 pls. |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/27700892602/ |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/27700892602. It was reviewed on 22 February 2023 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
22 February 2023
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current | 21:16, 22 February 2023 | 4,000 × 3,000 (3.89 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/27700892602/ with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/40 sec (0.025) |
F-number | f/2.8 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 17:13, 13 May 2016 |
Lens focal length | 6.2 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 16:21, 20 June 2016 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 17:13, 13 May 2016 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.3125 |
APEX aperture | 2.96875 |
APEX exposure bias | −1 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 10:21, 20 June 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | 3E3A00AAFCAECF655146392102004F7E |