File:Narrative of the Canadian Red River Exploring Expedition of 1857 - and of the Assinniboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition of 1858 (1860) (14776358264).jpg

Identifier: narrativeofcanad11860hind (find matches)
Title: Narrative of the Canadian Red River Exploring Expedition of 1857 : and of the Assinniboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition of 1858
Year: 1860 (1860s)
Authors: Hind, Henry Youle, 1823-1908 Weller, Edward, d. 1884, engraver Arrowsmith, John, 1790-1873, cartographer Hime, Humphrey Lloyd, photographer Fleming, John, 1836-1876, ill Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer), 1829-1887, former owner. DSI Allen, Edward G., associated name. DSI Spottiswoode & Co., printer of plates Canada. Library of Parliament, former owner. DSI Assinniboine & Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition (1858)
Subjects: Hind, Henry Youle, 1823-1908 Assinniboine & Saskatchewan Exploring Expedition (1858) Geology Indians of North America
Publisher: London : Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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, aifdfrom the 98th to the 108th degree of longitude. It ex-tended, no doubt, to the Eocky Mountains. A few miles west of the Blue Hills, being anxious toascertain the dip of a very remarkable exposure of shalewith bands of ferruginous concretions, Mr. Dickinsonleveled with the utmost care an exposure facing the south,and found it to be horizontal. At the base of the expo-sure, and on a level with the waters edge we succeededin finding a layer of rock full of gigantic inoceramus.One specimen measured 8^ inches in diameter, it was veryfragile but the peculiar prismatic structure wras remarkablywell preserved. On attempting to raise it, it separated intothousands of minute prisms so characteristic of this shell. Vast numbers of pigeons were flying in a north-westerlydirection, and our friends the grasshoppers were every-where abundant. From the Blue Hills to the south bendof the river, rock exposures possessing the characteristicsalready noticed, occurred at every bend. The first speci-
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ANCIENT LIGNITE BEACHES ON THE SOURIS. 293 men of lignite was seen near the mouth of Plum Creek,where we camped on the 29th; it was a water-wornrounded boulder. After leaving the Blue Hills no trees or shrubs of anydescription were seen until we arrived at Plum Creek.On low points in the Souris valley some fine oak, elm,balsam poplar, and aspen are found for the first twentymiles. The guelder rose is common on the ravines, wildprairie roses abundant, snowberry and two varieties ofcherry of frequent occurrence, as well as woodbine, wildconvolvulus, and hop, but for a distance of twelve mileswest of the Blue Hills the country is treeless on both sidesof the river, and the drift of small depth. A little beyond Plum or Snake Creek we found nume-rous pebbles and boulders of lignite; and with a view toascertain whether the lignite existed in situ, an excavationwas made in the bank of the river and the stratificationfor a depth of twenty-five feet exposed. The last outcropof the cretaceous s

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