File:Mutawakkil at the banks of the Tigris, folio from a manuscript of Nigaristan, Iran, probably Shiraz, dated 1573-74.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionMutawakkil at the banks of the Tigris, folio from a manuscript of Nigaristan, Iran, probably Shiraz, dated 1573-74.jpg |
العربية: المتوكل على ضفاف دجلة، فوليو من مخطوطة نيغارستان
رقم الانضمام:AKM272.f62r المؤلف: أحمد ب. محمد الغفاري، فارسي الأصل، توفي عام 1567 الكاتب: أحمد الشيرازي المكان: إيران، شيراز (على الأرجح) الأبعاد: 38.7 سم × 25 سم × 6.4 سم التاريخ: 1573 - 1574 م / 980 هـ المواد والتقنية : حبر، ألوان مائية غير شفافة، وذهب على ورق مُنَمْنِمة بعنوان "المتوكل على ضفاف نهر دجلة" هي مخطوطة سليمة لكتاب نيغارستان، وهي مجموعة من الحكايات والحوادث التاريخية كتبها نثرًا المؤرخ والباحث أحمد محمد غفاري (1504–1567/68) من كاشان في 1551-152. من المحتمل أن هذه المخطوطة المصورة، التي يرجع تاريخها إلى عام 1573، قد تم إنتاجها في ورشة عمل في شيراز. يُظهر هذا الرسم التوضيحي جمهورًا ملكيًا على ضفة نهر دجلة. ينقسم التكوين إلى ثلاثة أجزاء أفقية. يُظهر الجزء السفلي نهرًا. تملأ الأشكال الجزء الأوسط، ويحتل المركز رجل ملتح يرتدي تاجًا. يُظهر الجزء العلوي من اللوحة جدارًا مغطى بالبلاط المزخرف وممرًا يقف فيه رجل - ربما كان مرافقًا. ويشير نص نيجريستان إلى أن هذا المشهد يصور مأدبة على ضفاف نهر دجلة قبل حدوث فيضان هائل. كما أنه يشير أيضًا إلى كوارث تاريخية أخرى. وبحسب ابن الجوزي، فقد فاض نهر دجلة في عهد الخليفة المتوكل، وكان بمثابة فأل للتنبؤ بكارثة قادمة: الغزو المغولي. قبل الطوفان، قيل أن مياه نهر دجلة أصبحت صفراء لمدة ثلاثة أيام ثم حمراء كالدم. كما هو الحال في الرسوم التوضيحية الأخرى للمياه في نيغارستان، فإن مياه النهر مطلية هنا بأصباغ فضية، والتي تتأكسد بعد فترة وتتحول إلى اللون الأسود. ويشير اختيار الفضة إلى أن المشهد يحدث قبل أن يتحول الماء إلى اللون الأحمر، كما وصفه الفأل.English: Mutawakkil at the banks of the Tigris, Folio from a manuscript of Nigaristan
Accession Number:AKM272.f62r Creator:Author: Ahmad b. Muhammad Ghaffari, Persian, died 1567 Scribe: Ahmad al-Shirazi Place:Iran, Shiraz (probably) Dimensions:38.7 cm × 25 cm × 6.4 cm Date:1573-74 CE/980 AH/AH 980 Materials and Technique:Ink, opaque watercolour, and gold on paper The miniature painting "Mutawakkil at the banks of the Tigris" is from an intact manuscript of Kitab-i Nigaristan, a collection of anecdotes and historical incidents written in prose by the historian and scholar Ahmad Muhammad Ghaffari (1504–1567/68) of Kashan in 1551–2. This illustrated manuscript, dated 1573, was probably produced in a Shiraz workshop. This illustration shows a royal audience at the bank of the River Tigris. The composition is divided into three horizonal segments. The lowest segment shows a river. Figures fill the middle segment, and a bearded man wearing a crown occupies the centre. The upper segment of the painting shows a wall covered with decorative tiles and an archway, in which a man—probably an attendant—stands. The text of the Nigaristan indicates that this scene depicts a banquet at the banks of the Tigris River before a massive flood. It also makes additional references to other historic catastrophes. According to Ibn Juwzi, the Tigris flooded during the reign of Caliph Mutawakkil, and it served as an omen to predict an upcoming catastrophe: the Mongol invasion. Before the flood, the water of the Tigris was said to have become yellow for three days and then red like blood. As in other illustrations of water in the Nigaristan, the water of the river is painted here with silver pigments, which after a while oxidize and turn black. The choice of silver suggests that the scene takes place before the water turns red, as described by the omen. |
Date | 1573-1574 |
Source | https://agakhanmuseum.org/collection/artifact/akm272.f62r |
Author | Aga Khan Museum |
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This is a faithful photographic reproduction of a two-dimensional, public domain work of art. The work of art itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
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This photographic reproduction is therefore also considered to be in the public domain in the United States. In other jurisdictions, re-use of this content may be restricted; see Reuse of PD-Art photographs for details. |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Exposure time | 1/80 sec (0.0125) |
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ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 14:16, 15 November 2019 |
Lens focal length | 50 mm |
Width | 6,570 px |
Height | 10,155 px |
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Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 16:02, 17 February 2021 |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 14:16, 15 November 2019 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.321928 |
APEX aperture | 7.61471 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Subject distance | 0 meters |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
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Color space | Uncalibrated |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Serial number of camera | 042121000089 |
Lens used | Canon EF 50mm f/2.5 Compact Macro |
Date metadata was last modified | 11:02, 17 February 2021 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:46ac46b8-3f84-4cb6-a4b4-964e7aaa0c65 |
IIM version | 4 |