File:Muller (base) (FindID 852820).jpg
Original file (1,600 × 1,200 pixels, file size: 834 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary
[edit]muller (base) | |||
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Photographer |
Royal Institution of Cornwall, Anna Tyacke, 2017-09-19 11:30:00 |
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Title |
muller (base) |
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Description |
English: A single-sided muller or rubbing stone of fine-grained granite elvan. The muller is circular in plan, plano-convex in section and in profile. The base of the muller is flat and smooth through use as a rubbing implement and the upper face is convex so it could have been held and pushed across another stone. The muller would have been used with a larger saddle quern to grind grain between the stones to make flour. The granite is fine grained and contains inclusions of dark tourmaline and pale feldspar phenocrysts. The soft feldspar would work into hollows and the hard tourmaline would stand proud of the surface, thus allowing a shearing action to cut and grind the grain. Both surfaces are marked with several red-brown linear 'stripes' through contact with the plough. The shape of the muller suggests that it was made from a beach cobble from the Land's End Granite outcrop.
Jones & Taylor (2010) illustrate a similar, although double-sided, muller of porphytic elvan, derived from a river cobble, excavated from Scarcewater, St Stephen, on page 127, fig.64, no.253, which is dated from the Middle Bronze Age, c.1500-1100 BC. Jones (2002) illustrates a similar, but broken elvan muller excavated from Callestick on page 32, fig.13, no.95 which dates from the Later Bronze Age, c.1100-700 BC. Nowakowski (1991) illustrates two similar rubbing stones, one of elvan and one of fine-grained granite containing 'nests' of black tourmailne, excavated from Trethellan, Newquay, on page 142, fig.57, nos.88-89, which date from the Middle Bronze Age, c.1500-1200 BC. |
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Depicted place | (County of findspot) Cornwall | ||
Date | between 2350 BC and 700 BC | ||
Accession number |
FindID: 852820 Old ref: CORN-25A252 Filename: DSCN5498.JPG |
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Credit line |
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Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/630197 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/630197/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/852820 |
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Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution License |
Object location | 50° 06′ 18.36″ N, 5° 33′ 21.78″ W | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 50.105100; -5.556050 |
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Licensing
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File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 22:30, 11 December 2018 | 1,600 × 1,200 (834 KB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, CORN, FindID: 852820, bronze age, page 959, batch count 128 |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON |
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Camera model | E4500 |
Exposure time | 5/859 sec (0.0058207217694994) |
F-number | f/5.3 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:55, 19 September 2017 |
Lens focal length | 8 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Microsoft Windows Photo Viewer 6.1.7600.16385 |
File change date and time | 11:20, 19 September 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:55, 19 September 2017 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.8 APEX (f/2.64) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Light source | Tungsten (incandescent light) |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 38 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |