File:Mudcracks in dried hot spring (Bumpass Hell, Lassen Volcano National Park, California, USA).jpg
![File:Mudcracks in dried hot spring (Bumpass Hell, Lassen Volcano National Park, California, USA).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mudcracks_in_dried_hot_spring_%28Bumpass_Hell%2C_Lassen_Volcano_National_Park%2C_California%2C_USA%29.jpg/800px-Mudcracks_in_dried_hot_spring_%28Bumpass_Hell%2C_Lassen_Volcano_National_Park%2C_California%2C_USA%29.jpg?20200302224221)
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionMudcracks in dried hot spring (Bumpass Hell, Lassen Volcano National Park, California, USA).jpg |
English: Mudcracks are diagnostic sedimentary structures indicating subaerial exposure of sediment surfaces, with alternating wet & dry conditions. They are much more common that raindrop imprints, which indicate the same environmental setting. Mudcracks are most likely to occur in fine-grained siliciclastic rocks, fine-grained carbonate sediments, and in some evaporitic successions. The examples shown above are in a volcanic hydrothermal area, specifically a dried-out hot spring.
Mudcracks are distinctive and easy to identify, but they do vary in appearance. The cracks themselves vary in width, depth, and areal density. Mudcrack polygons also vary in size & shape. From park signage: [This area has a] residual mass of cooling andesite lava perhaps 3 miles deep. The "rotten egg" smell is hydrogen sulfide fumes rising from deep within this mass. Andesite lavas decompose readily but sulfuric acid and hot steam have greatly speeded up the process to carve out this barren, 16-acre bowl. Bumpass Hell occupies the old eroded vent of a dormant dome volcano - Bumpass Mountain. More than 75 fumaroles, hot springs, and mudpots compose this 16-acre hydrothermal area. The temperatures of each of the pools may vary. Which is all relative, of course, when "slightly cooler" means 150º Fahrenheit (66º Celsius), instead of 200º Fahrenheit (93º Celsius)! |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/37136369934/ |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/37136369934 (archive). It was reviewed on 2 March 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
2 March 2020
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current | 22:42, 2 March 2020 | ![]() | 1,280 × 960 (975 KB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | Eastman Kodak Company |
Camera model | Picture Maker G3 |
Exposure time | 1/1,010 sec (0.00099009900990099) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | Unknown date |
Lens focal length | 5.6 mm |
Width | 1,280 px |
Height | 960 px |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 00:46, 22 October 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | Unknown date |
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Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX shutter speed | 9.965784 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Date metadata was last modified | 20:46, 21 October 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | F9CC4B09EA6C36957CADA8BF7092A2F4 |