File:Mono Lake South Tufa Area (2013) 33.JPG
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[edit]DescriptionMono Lake South Tufa Area (2013) 33.JPG |
English: Female Audubon's Warbler (now Setophaga auduboni, formerly Setophaga coronata auduboni) on tufa, as seen in Mono Lake's "South Tufa" area. The Audubon's Warbler is a western variation of what has been known as the Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata). Its eastern counterpart is called the Myrtle Warbler (now Setophaga coronata, formerly Setophaga coronata coronata). These two and the Goldman's Warbler (Setophaga goldmani), which is the Guatemalan version, are now classified as three separate species per IOC. IOC (see IOC Version 3.1 (April 30, 2012)) also reports that the Black-fronted Warbler (Setophaga nigrifrons), the Mexican variety, is now considered conspecific with auduboni per Brelsford et al 2011, Milá et al 2011, AOU/NACC 2010-A-3. According to the Mono Lake Committee's bird list, both Audubon's and Myrtle Warblers have been seen in the Mono Basin. The distinctive difference between Audubon's and Myrtle is that the former's throat area is also yellow, while the latter's is white. Males of both species also have a yellow crown. AllAboutBirds.org has tips on identifying different types of Yellow-rumped Warblers. Special thanks to User:MPF for providing guidance on the species split. 日本語:アメリカ合衆国カリフォルニア州モノ湖のトゥファ(石灰華)の上にとまるオーデュボンズアメリカムシクイ (Setophaga auduboni) のメス。オーデュボンズアメリカムシクイはアメリカ合衆国西部に分布し、東部に分布するミルトルアメリカムシクイ (Setophaga coronata、旧: Setophaga coronata coronata) やグアテマラの Goldman's Warbler (Setophaga goldmani) とともにアメリカムシクイ科キヅタアメリカムシクイ(Yellow-rumped Warbler (旧: Setophaga coronata))の亜種と考えられていたが、その後、3タイプとも亜種から種に格上げされた[1]。なお、メキシコの Black-fronted Warbler (旧: Setophaga nigrifrons) は2012年以降、オーデュボンズと同種だとみなされている(IOC World Bird List の2012年4月30日のアップデート(IOC Version 3.1 per Brelsford et al 2011, Milá et al 2011, AOU/NACC 2010-A-3)による)。AllAboutBirds.org の分類ガイドによると、オーデュボンズとミルトルはともに尾の付け根と脇が黄色いという共通点があるが、オーデュボンズの方は喉も黄色いという違いがある。両種とも、オスは頭頂も黄色く、特に夏季は目立つという。モノ湖委員会の鳥類リストによれば、オーデュボンズとミルトルの両種ともモノ盆地で目撃されている。 |
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Source | Own work |
Author | Nandaro |
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current | 22:17, 15 January 2014 | 1,101 × 907 (617 KB) | Nandaro (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D3200 |
Exposure time | 1/2,000 sec (0.0005) |
F-number | f/7.1 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:11, 13 October 2013 |
Lens focal length | 200 mm |
User comments | |
Orientation | Normal |
Software used | Ver.1.00 |
File change date and time | 15:11, 13 October 2013 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:11, 13 October 2013 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 5 APEX (f/5.66) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 40 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 40 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 40 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 300 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.3.0.0 |