File:Missionary travels and researches in South Africa - including a sketch of sixteen years' residence in the interior of Africa, and a journey from the Cape of Good Hope to Loanda, on the west coast, (14597684160).jpg

Identifier: missionarytravel04livi (find matches)
Title: Missionary travels and researches in South Africa : including a sketch of sixteen years' residence in the interior of Africa, and a journey from the Cape of Good Hope to Loanda, on the west coast, thence across the continent, down the river Zambesi, to the eastern ocean
Year: 1857 (1850s)
Authors: Livingstone, David, 1813-1873 Arrowsmith, John, 1790-1873, ill Need, Henry, ill Whymper, Josiah Wood, 1813-1903, ill Picken, Thomas, d. 1870, lithographer Livingstone, David, 1813-1873, inscriber. DSI Vavasseur, Mrs., fl. 1857, former owner. DSI Thesiger, Wilfred, 1910- former owner. DSI Moffat, Robert, 1795-1883, annotator. DSI Larkins, J., binder. DSI Howell, Marmaduke G., former owner. DSI Cooke, Robert, former owner. DSI Day & Son., lithographer T. & R. Annan, photographer. DSI William Clowes and Sons, printer St. Leonards School, former owner. DSI Russell E. Train Africana Collection (Smithsonian Institution. Libraries) DSI
Subjects: Livingstone, David, 1813-1873 Missions
Publisher: London : J. Murray
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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by its rushing waters; the trees are gradually driven by the winds to the opposite side, and become embedded in mud. The water of the lake is perfectly fresh when full, but brackish when low; and that coming down the Tamunakle we found to be so clear, cold, and soft, the higher we ascended, that the idea of melting snow was suggested to our minds. We found this region, with regard to that from which we had come, to be clearly a hollow, the lowest point being Lake Kumadau; the point of the ebullition of water, as shown by one of Newman's barometric thermometers, was only between 207° and 206°, giving an elevation of not much more than two thousand feet above the level of the sea. We had descended above two thousand feet in coming to it from Kolobeng. It is the southern and lowest part of the great river system beyond, in which large tracts of country are inundated annually by tropical rains, hereafter to be described. A little of that water, which in the countries farther north produces inunda-
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M P •n A <i •a , P, M a p o Is m Chap. III. THE NGAMI. 67 tion, comes as far south as 20° 20, the latitude of the upper end of the lake, and, instead of flooding the country, falls into the lake as into a reservoir. It begins to flow down the Embarrah, which divides into the rivers Tz5 and Teoughe. The Tzo divides into the Taniunakle and Mababe; the Tamunakle discharges itself into the Zouga, and the Teoughe into the lake. The flow begins either in March or April, and the descending waters find the channels of all these rivers dried out, except in certain pools in their beds, which have long dry spaces between them. The lake itself is very low. The Zouga is but a prolongation of the Tamunakle, and an arm of the lake reaches up to the point where the one ends and the other begins. This last is narrow and shallow, while the Zouga is broad and deep. The narrow ann of the lake, which on the map looks like a continuation of the Zouga, has never been observed to flow e

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