File:Mind and hand- manual training the chief factor in education (1900) (14595143147).jpg

Identifier: mindhandmanualtr01hamc (find matches)
Title: Mind and hand: manual training the chief factor in education
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Ham, Charles Henry, 1831-1902. (from old catalog)
Subjects: Manual training. (from old catalog)
Publisher: New York, Cincinnati (etc.) American book company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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hly familiar withmany forms of little things in moulding and casting. The lesson of the day is the moulding and casting of aplain pulley. In the Pattern Laboratory each student hasalready executed a pattern of the pulley to be cast, andthe pattern lies before him on his moulding-bench, l^owthe instructor, at the most conspicuous bench in theroom, proceeds to execute the first part of the lesson,which consists of moulding. Taking from the trough ahandful of sand, he explains that it is only by the use ofsand possessing certain properties, as a degree of moist-ure, but not enough to vaporize when the metal is pouredin, and a small admixture of clay, but not enough tomake of the compound a loam, that the mould can besaved from ruin through vaj)orization, and, at the sametime, given the essential quality of adhesiveness and plas-ticity. In tlie course of tliis explanation he remarksthat the sand used in some parts of the mould is mixedwith pulverized bituminous coal, coke, or plumbago, in
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THE FOUNDING LABORATORY. 51 order to give a smoother surface. Now he takes theflask — a wooden apparatus containing the sand inwhich the mould is made—and explains its constructionand use. From this point—the sifting of facing sand ontlie turn-over board, to the final one of replacing the copeand securing it with keys or clamps—every step of theprocess is carefully gone through with and explained. Meantime, before the moulding lesson has proceededfar, a fire is kindled in the furnace and it is charged;that is to say, filled with alternate layers of coal and pig-iron, with occasional fluxes of limestone. During theprocess of charging the furnace the instructor explainsthe principle of its construction, and shows how it oper-ates. At every subsequent rest in moulding the studentssurround the furnace to witness the progress of the fire,the position of the layers of coal, and the state of com-bustion. They pass the furnace in procession, and eachpeeps in through the isinglass wind

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