File:Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time (1919) (14782654212).jpg

Identifier: medievalmodernti01robi (find matches)
Title: Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: Robinson, James Harvey, 1863-1936
Subjects:
Publisher: Boston, New York (etc.) Ginn and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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submit to the control of his people. Heavoided giving to any one person a great many estates in asingle region, so that no one should become inconvenientlypowerful. Finally, in order to secure the support of the smallerlandholders and to prevent combinations against him amongthe greater ones, he required every landowner in England totake an oath of fidelity directly to him, instead of having only afew great landowners as vassals who had their own subvassalsunder their own control, as in France. We read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronide (108 6): He came,on the first day of August, to Salisbury, and there came tohim his wise men (that is, counselors), and all the land-owningmen of property there were over all England, whosoever menthey were; and all bowed down to him and became his men,and swore oaths of fealty to him that they would be faithful tohim against all other men. It is clear that the Norman Conquest was not a simple changeof kings, but that a new element was added to the English Ur
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I Kb ■§ \ if \i$C^ ■ By ■ England in the Middle Ages nj people. We cannot tell how many Normans actually emigrated General re-across the Channel, but they evidently came in considerable Norman Con-numbers, and their influence upon the English habits and gov- questernment was very great. A century after Williams conquestthe whole body of the nobility, the bishops, abbots, and govern-ment officials, had become practically all Norman. Besides these,the architects who built the castles and fortresses, the cathe-drals and abbeys, came from Normandy. Merchants from theNorman cities of Rouen and Caen settled in London and otherEnglish cities, and weavers from Flanders in various townsand even in the country. For a short time these newcomersremained a separate people, but by the year 1200 they hadbecome for the most part indistinguishable from the great massof English people amongst whom they had come. They hadnevertheless made the people of England more energetic, active-minded, and v

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