File:Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time (1919) (14596334098).jpg

Identifier: medievalmodernti01robi (find matches)
Title: Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: Robinson, James Harvey, 1863-1936
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Publisher: Boston, New York (etc.) Ginn and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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a fact of the greatest historical importance. Peter enjoyed apreeminence among the other apostles and was singled out byChrist upon several occasions. In a passage of the New Testa-ment which has affected history more profoundly than the edictsof the most powerful monarch, Christ says : And I say also untothee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build mychurch ; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And Iwill give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and what-soever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; andwhatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.* 1 Matt, xvi, 18-19. Two other passages in the New Testament were heldto substantiate the divinely ordained headship of Peter and his successors:Luke xxii, 32, where Christ says to Peter, Strengthen thy brethren, and John xxi,15-17, where Jesus said to him, Feed my sheep. See Readings, chap. iv. Thekeys always appear in the papal arms (see headpiece of this chapter, p. 40).
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47 48 Medieval and Modern Times The. RomanChurch themotherchurch Leo the Great, 440-461 Decree of Valentinian III Separatingof Easternfrom theWesternChurch Thus it was natural that the Roman Church should early havebeen looked upon as the mother church in the West. Itsdoctrines were considered the purest, since they had been handeddown from its exalted founders. When there was a differenceof opinion in regard to the truth of a particular teaching, it wasnatural that all should turn to the bishop of Rome for his view.Moreover, the majesty of Rome, the capital of the world,helped to exalt its bishop above his fellows. It was long, how-ever, before all the other bishops, especially those in the largecities, were ready to accept unconditionally the authority ofthe bishop of Rome, although they acknowledged his leadingposition and that of the Roman community. We know comparatively little of the bishops of Rome duringthe first three or four centuries of the Churchs existence. It isonly with

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