File:Medieval , Papal Bulla (FindID 259247).jpg
Original file (2,867 × 1,740 pixels, file size: 904 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary
[edit]Medieval : Papal Bulla | |||
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Photographer |
York Museums Trust, Liz Andrews-Wilson, 2009-06-08 15:54:32 |
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Title |
Medieval : Papal Bulla |
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Description |
English: A complete cast circular lead bulla (seal) of Pope Honorius III (AD 1216-1227). Diameter: 39.8mm; thickness: 5.01mm. Weight: 46g. Orientation: 12.
Obverse: Inscription HONO//RIVS// .PP. III. (in three lines). PP = 'pastor pastorum' - shepherd of the shepherds. The letters have curled serifs. Reverse: Busts of St Paul and St Peter. Each bust is within a beaded aureole. St. Paul, on the left, is depicted with a long beard and St Peter, on the right, has a curly beard formed of small sub oval pellets. Both heads are enclosed within a border of pellets (or pearls). The cross between the two heads is lost due to corrosion. Above the busts is an inscription SPA SPE. The beading forming the aureoles and St Peter’s beard are incomplete due to wear. Therefore, it is not possible to enumerate the number of beads in each element. The seal is worn and also slightly corroded in places and has a well developed pale buff patina overall. The bulla has been slightly bent at roughly the half way mar, possibly by the plough. Tim Pestell has stated on other bulla records: "Papal bulls came as two basic types, according to the contents of the document: Tituli, or "Letters of Grace", essentially granted or confirmed rights, conferred benefices or promulgated statutes. They generally had their lead bullae attached with cords of silk. Mandamenta, or "Letters of Justice" were mandates that conveyed papal orders, prohibitions or injunctions, and had their bullae attached by hemp threads". |
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Depicted place | (County of findspot) York | ||
Date |
between 1216 and 1227 date QS:P571,+1250-00-00T00:00:00Z/7,P1319,+1216-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1227-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 |
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Accession number |
FindID: 259247 Old ref: YORYM-D32692 Filename: DRY0013.jpg |
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Credit line |
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Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/213410 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/213410/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/259247 |
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Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution-ShareAlike License |
Licensing
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File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 05:40, 31 January 2017 | 2,867 × 1,740 (904 KB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, YORYM, FindID: 259247, medieval, page 2007, batch count 16177 |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON |
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Camera model | COOLPIX P5100 |
Exposure time | 10/3,211 sec (0.0031142946122703) |
F-number | f/6.1 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | Unknown date |
Lens focal length | 15.7 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 6.0 Windows |
File change date and time | 14:43, 8 June 2009 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | Unknown date |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.9 APEX (f/2.73) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Light source | Tungsten (incandescent light) |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 74 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,867 px |
Image height | 1,740 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:43, 8 June 2009 |