File:Mechanics of the household; a course of study devoted to domestic machinery and household mechanical appliances (1918) (14779706295).jpg

Identifier: mechanicsofhouse00keen (find matches)
Title: Mechanics of the household; a course of study devoted to domestic machinery and household mechanical appliances
Year: 1918 (1910s)
Authors: Keene, E. S. (Edward Spencer), b. 1864
Subjects: Heating Lighting Plumbing
Publisher: New York, McGraw-Hill book company, inc.
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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d impuritieswashed from the roof, but for bathing and laundry work filteredrain water is greatly to be desired. As rain water comes from the roofs of buildings, there iswashed into the cistern a considerable quantity of dust, leaves,bird droppings and other polluting materials which contaminateand discolor the water. This foreign matter is not injuriousfor the purposes intended, but to render the water clear it shouldbe filtered before using. Filters for cisterns are quite generally made of soft brick laid in WATER SUPPLY 153 cement mortar, the face of the brick being left uncovered. Fig.137 illustrates a simple and efficient form of filter made of asingle course of brick. A space one-fourth to one-third of thevolume of the cistern is left for the filtered water. The openingat the top of the wall must be large enough to admit a man, forsome sediment will collect even in the filtered water and the filtermust be occasionally cleaned. Capacity-385 Cu. Ft,or 90 Barrels of ZlVzGallons each
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Capacity-400Cu.Ft.or 90 Barrels of 31HGallons each , 137.—Cross-section of a brick curbedcistern with a brick filter wall. -Cross-section of a con-crete cistern with a brick dome filter. The filter shown in Fig. 138 is dome-shaped and built of brick.The water is pumped from inside the filter and the suction ofpumping filters the water as it is used. In this case the filteringaction is accelerated by reason of the reduced, pressure inside thefilter as the water is pumped. The chief disadvantage in thisform of filter is the small area exposed for the filtering action andthe relatively greater amount of work required for pumping thewater, due to the partial vacuum formed as the water is pumped. The cistern in Fig. 139 is provided with a catch basin whichacts as a strainer for removing leaves, etc., that would stain thewater. It is made in the form of a concrete basin and partlyfilled with gravel. The filter in this case is formed by a depres-sion in the cistern floor. A section of tile

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