File:Kirkes' handbook of physiology (1907) (14583258297).jpg

Identifier: kirkeshandbookof00kirk (find matches)
Title: Kirkes' handbook of physiology
Year: 1907 (1900s)
Authors: Kirkes, William Senhouse, 1823-1864 Greene, Charles Wilson, 1866-1947
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: New York, W. Wood and company
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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me magnesium phosphate andcalcium carbonate. To the naked eye there appear two plans of structure in different bones,and in different parts of the same bone, namely, the dense or compact, andthe spongy or cancellous tissue. In a longitudinal section of a long bone,as the humerus, the articular extremities are found capped on their surfaceby a thin shell of compact bone, while their interior is made up of the spongyor cancellous tissue. The shaft is formed almost entirely of a thick layerof the compact bone which -surrounds a central canal, the medullary cavity,so called from its containing the medulla, or marrow. In the flat bones, theparietal bone or the scapula, a layer of cancellous structure lies betweentwo layers of the compact tissue. In the short and irregular bones, as thoseof the carpus and tarsus, the cancellous tissue alone fills the interior, whilea thin shell of compact bone forms the outside. The Marrow. There are two distinct varieties of marrow—thered and the yellow.
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Fig. 52.—Cells of the Red Marrow of the Guinea-Pig, highly magnified, a, A large cell, thenucleus of which appears to be partly divided into three by constrictions; b, a cell, the nucleus ofwhich shows an appearance of being constricted into a number of smaller nuclei; c, a so-calledgiant cell, or .nyeloplaxe, with many nuclei; d, a smaller myeloplaxe, with three nuclei; e-i, propercells of the marrow. (SchaferJ 42 CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND THE ELEMENTARY TISSUES Red marrow is that variety which occupies the spaces in the cancelloustissue; it is highly vascular, and thus maintains the nutrition of the spongybone, the interstices of which it fills. It contains a few fat cells and a largenumber of marrow cells, many of which are undistinguishable from lymphoidcorpuscles, and has for a basis a small amount of fibrous tissue. Amongthe cells are some nucleated cells containing hemoglobin like the blood-corpuscles. There are also a few large cells with many nuclei, termed giantcells or mye

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