File:Kidney diseases, urinary deposits, and calculous disorders - their nature and treatment (1870) (14778906412).jpg

Identifier: kidneydiseasesur00beal (find matches)
Title: Kidney diseases, urinary deposits, and calculous disorders : their nature and treatment
Year: 1870 (1870s)
Authors: Beale, Lionel S. (Lionel Smith), 1828-1906
Subjects: Kidneys Urinary organs Urine Kidney Diseases Urinalysis Urinary Calculi
Publisher: Philadelphia : Lindsay and Blakiston
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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. Urea obtained from urine crystallized in its own motherliquor. Fig. 2. The same examined in the dry way. Fig. 3. Small crystals of urea formed in a concentrated solution ofnatural urea. Fig. 4. Similar crystals of larger size. Fig. 5. Artificial urea crystallized. Examined in the dry way. Urea. Pure urea may be easily obtained by the decomposition of the nitrateor oxalate of urea. The crystals represented in fig. 1 were made bydecomposing pure oxalate of urea with common chalk. An oxalate oflime is formed, which is separated by filtration, and the urea remains insolution. From the nitrate, urea may be obtained by adding carbonateof baryta — nitrate of baryta and urea result; the latter may beseparated by evaporation to dryness, and extraction with alcohol, whichdissolves the urea and leaves the nitrate of baryta. For the mode of preparing the nitrate and oxalate of urea, seepage 132. Pure urea may also be obtained artificially by evapo-rating cyanate of ammonia to dryness. UR!NE-H
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CHARACTERS OF UREA. 133 the quantity of urea, as well as the simple plan proposed by Dr. Davy,has been described in p. 113. Other plans of estimating urea havebeen proposed, but they are more complicated than the above. Ureain solution is decomposed by nitroso-nitric acid—carbonic acid andnitrogen being rapidly given off. Drapers process is founded upon thisfact ( Phil. Mag., vol. VI, series IV, p. 290). Bunsen and Ragskyhave recommended other methods based upon the decompositionof urea into carbonate of ammonia. By ascertaining the quantityof carbonic acid or of ammonia formed, the proportion of urea canbe calculated ( Quarterly Journal of Chemial Science, vol. I,p. 420). Characters.—Urea crystallises in four-sided prisms, which seem tobe composed of a number of acicular crystals, Illustrations of Urine,pi. II, fig. 1. Hollow spaces are usually present in the interior of thecrystals in considerable number. These contain a fluid differing con-siderably in refractive power from the

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