File:Kaska girl - BC 1948.jpg

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Français : 'Kaska girl' ~ BC 1948 ; fillette Kaska : Les enfants Kaska dont durant plusieurs générations au Canada, comme d'autres peuples autochtones dans d'autres régions du monde, subi une scolarisation forcée (dans les "pensionnats d'indiens" dans ce cas), loin de leur famille et de leur communauté et culture. Deborah Chansonneuve affirme que les problèmes de santé et sociaux urgents de nombreux autochtones au Canada, aujourd’hui, sont directement liés à ce fait ; ces enfants ont souvent été maltraités dans ces pensionnats et dans tous les cas déconnectés de leur famille et de leur communauté (Chansonneuve, Deborah (2005) reclaiming Connections: Understanding Residential School Trauma among Aboriginal People. Aboriginal Healing Foundation, Ottawa |see p40).
Deborah Chansonneuve ajoute que c'est un lieu qui enseignait aux enfants autochtones à ressentir la honte de leur patrimoine, de leur langue, de leurs coutumes et de leurs traditions spirituelles . Dans sa thèse relative aux Kaska Dene Farel cite aussi le travail sur la mémoire post-holocauste de Marianne Hirsch, où elle montre comment des souvenirs d'événements traumatiques peuvent être transmis à ceux qui n'étaient pas là (Hirsch, M. (2008). The generation of postmemory. Poetics today, 29(1), 103-128. See p110). Et on sait aujourd'hui que les traumatismes importants et longs (même s'ils n'ont pas été raconté aux enfants) peuvent avoir des conséquences épigénétiques négatives pouvant perdurer sur plusieurs générations.
English: Kaska girl: Kaska children who for several generations in Canada, like other indigenous peoples in other parts of the world, have been forced to attend school (in "Indian residential schools" in this case), far from their families and of their community and culture. Deborah Chansonneuve says that the urgent health and social problems facing many Aboriginal people in Canada today are directly related to this fact; these children were often abused in residential schools and in all cases disconnected from their families and communities (Chansonneuve, Deborah (2005) reclaiming Connections: Understanding Residential School Trauma among Aboriginal People. Aboriginal Healing Foundation, Ottawa voir p40).
Deborah Chansonneuve adds that it is a place that teaches Aboriginal children to feel ashamed of their heritage, their language, their customs and their spiritual traditions (2005: 40). In her dissertation on Kaska Dene Farel also cites Marianne Hirsch's work on the post-holocaust memory, where she shows how memories of traumatic events can be transmitted to those who were not there (Hirsch, M. (2008). The generation of postmemory. Poetics today, 29(1), 103-128. voir 106-110). And we know today that long and severe trauma have consequences w:enepigenetic epigenetic that can last for several generations.
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Source https://twitter.com/paulseesequa/status/703344170107146240
Author John Honigmann

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This work is in the public domain in the United States because it meets three requirements:

  1. it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days),
  2. it was first published before 1 March 1989 without copyright notice or before 1964 without copyright renewal or before the source country established copyright relations with the United States,
  3. it was in the public domain in its home country (Canada) on the URAA date (1 January 1996).
For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights.
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Public domain
This Canadian work is in the public domain in Canada because its copyright has expired due to one of the following:
1. it was subject to Crown copyright and was first published more than 50 years ago, or

it was not subject to Crown copyright, and

2. it is a photograph that was created prior to January 1, 1949, or
3. the creator died prior to January 1, 1972.

You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the rule of the shorter term and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 50 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, Switzerland and the United States are 70 years, and Venezuela is 60 years.

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